RELIGIOUS HOUSES 



asked the dean and chapter to admit him to the 

 rule of the hospital ; and he was admitted and 

 lived many years as master. During his time 

 Archbishop Roger abandoned a claim to the 

 patronage which he had put forward, but after 

 the death of Paulinus, Archbishop GeoiFrey on 

 his own authority, in the time of King John, 

 appointed John his chaplain as master, but the 

 dean and chapter successfully impleaded him and 

 removed John and made Ralph of Nottingham 

 master, and after the death of Ralph they, at the 

 request of Morgan, then provost of Beverley, 

 appointed Hugh de Gaytington, the master 

 recently deceased. And no predecessor of the 

 king ever appointed any master. 



A slightly different story was told in 1280 

 by a mixed jury of twenty-four freemen of the 

 county, twelve citizens and twelve brethren of 

 the hospital.'" According to this the founder 

 was William II, who built the chapel of St. Peter 

 and endowed the chapel with the thraves ; King 

 Stephen built the church of St. Leonard in the 

 High Street adjoining and changed the name of 

 the hospital. King John, following the custom 

 of his predecessors, appointed Paulinus de Ledes 

 master and on his death appointed one John. 

 Two years later, during the war between John 

 and his barons, the dean and chapter ejected 

 John and since that time had retained the 

 appointment of the masters. The then master, 

 Roger de Malton, had given the dean and 

 chapter leave to visit and order the hospital at 

 will, without consulting the brethren. At the 

 time of this return the house was much im- 

 poverished, so that the number of the chaplains 

 had to be reduced. 



On 1 6 December 1293 Archbishop Romanus 

 wrote to Nicholas de Misterton, deputy of 

 Walter de Langton, then master of St. Leonard's, 

 asking him to admit two poor men, one a chap- 

 lain and Ugator librorum, to two of the twelve 

 beds founded by the archbishop's father. This 

 Misterton refused to do, but the upshot of the 

 matter does not appear.^^ It however, indicates 

 the early endowment of beds in the hospital by 

 private benefaction. In 1307 Gilbert de Stapel- 

 ton,^' then master, granted to JoUan de Nevill in 

 return for an acre of arable land and the advow- 

 son of the church of Pickhill three beds and the 

 maintenance of three sick persons in the hospital 

 infirmary, so that when one of the beds was 

 vacated by death or otherwise, Jollan de Nevill 

 and his heirs should nominate a successor.^' 



'" Cal. Pat. 1334-8, pp. 266-8. 



" York Archiepis. Reg. Romanus, fol. 44^. 

 Gilbert de Stapelton was an intruder, who had 

 been collated to the mastership by Walter de Langton 

 on his removal from that office in 1308-9. The 

 king granted the mastership to Walter Reynolds, 

 Bishop of Worcester, and ordered Stapelton to resign; 

 Pat. 2 Edw. II, pt. i, m. 1 7. 



" B.M. Add. Chart. 7466. 



On 23 July 1294 Walter de Langton, 

 master of St. Leonard's, delivered to the brothers 

 and sisters of the hospital a series oi provisiones et 

 precepta, which ^* may be summarized thus : each 

 brother, being a chaplain and literatus, was to 

 have a particular seat and carol or desk in the 

 cloister. All such chaplains were to rise together 

 for matins, and to be present at all canonical 

 hours, and afterwards four brothers, besides the 

 chaplain celebrating mass, were to be pre- 

 sent at the mass of the Virgin from be- 

 ginning to end, and then each was to say his 

 own mass as appointed by the custos and cellarer. 

 Hours and masses finished, they were to go to 

 their seats in the cloister and engage in contem- 

 plation, and in the devout saying of the seven 

 penitential psalms, and prayers for the souls of 

 the kings and other benefactors. When prime 

 was sounded all were to go into the quire, and 

 after prime to the chapter-house, the boy thurifer 

 preceding them, and bearing the tabula. He 

 was to read the lesson of the Martiloge, and 

 then the tabula, after which the Ebdomadary 

 was to say the ' Pretiosa est in conspectu domini,' 

 &c., and having heard the declamations of faults, 

 and corrections having been made, all were to 

 go to the quire and say the Commendation of 

 Souls. After the hours and the mass of the day 

 were ended, and the little bell was sounded, all 

 were to assemble at the door of the refectory and 

 sit there, and then enter together. A brother 

 was to read both at dinner [prandium) and at 

 supper {cena), and they were to beware of sitting 

 too long at their meals, at the end of each of 

 which they were to go to the church and say 

 grace. In the summer, after dinner, they were 

 to sleep after the manner of other religious, and 

 after their repose in summer, or after dinner at 

 other times, were to go to their places in the 

 cloister and study their books until the first peal 

 of vespers, and during the first and second peals 

 of vespers were to say Placebo and Dirige ; the 

 peal finished, they were to begin vespers. After 

 vespers of the day and of our Lady all were to 

 enter the cloister and study their books till 

 supper, and then, the bell sounding, were to go 

 to supper or collation, after which they were to 

 go to church and return thanks, and say com- 

 pline of the day and of the Blessed Virgin. 

 After compline they were to chant solemnly and 

 devoutly Salve Regina, or some other anthem of 

 the glorious Virgin before her altar. Then, 

 having said their private prayers, either in quire 

 or cloister till bed time, all were to sleep together 

 in the dormitory, except the cellarer, who alone 

 had a private chamber. There was to be no 

 drinking or eating together after compline. 

 After this follow directions as to closing the 

 church doors, and the custody ot the keys. 

 Secular chaplains and quire boys were to enter 

 the church by the porch of the Blessed Virgin, 



'* Dugdale, Mon. Jngl. vi, 610, no. x. 

 337 43 



