240 suiD^. 



There are several species of this genus in Africa, known as zebras and 

 quaggas, some of them very beautifully striped, and hence named by H. 

 Smith, Hippotigris. 



Aktiodactyla, Owen. 



With an even number of toes. The crowns of the prsemolars smaller 

 and less complex than those of the true molars. The stomach is complex 

 and the ccecum small. 



This group comprises the pigs and hippopotamus, i. e., the Pachyder- 

 mata ordinaria, of Cuvier, and the great tribe of ruminants. It is 

 generally adopted, I believe, by Zoologists, but is I think rather an arti- 

 ficial group, and I would prefer keeping the non-ruminating Artiodactyles 

 in a separate tribe, which has indeed been long ago named by Blyth. 



Tribe, CHiEKODiA, Blyth. 



Incisors in both jaws ; canines directed outwards, and usually rubbing 

 against their fellows in the opposite jaw. They comprise the families 

 SuidcB and Hippopotamidce, the latter of which is not represented in India. 



Fam. SuiD^. 



Incisors various ; canines in both jaws, large ; molars vary from 



g g 7 7 



to : feet with the hoofs insistent, with 4 toes usually on 



3—3 7—7' -^ 



all feetj the hind-feet sometimes with 3 ; snout truncate, mobile, pro- 

 minent ; tail short. 



Pigs have a somewhat moveable snout with a firm cartilaginous tip, 

 which they employ in turning up the ground in search of roots, &c. The 

 incisors, always small, sometimes fall out with increase of age, and the 

 lower ones always slant forwards. The canines, very large in the males, 

 project from the sides of the mouth, except in the American peccaries. 

 The two middle toes are large, armed with strong hoofs, and the animal 

 walks on them alone, the two upper lateral toes with their hoofs not touch- 

 ing the ground. The eyes are small, the ears moderate and upright, and 

 the skin is clad with strong bristles. 



The occipital bone terminates abruptly above in a broad crest to form 

 an attachment for the strong muscles of the neck. There are four me- 

 tacarpal bones, the two middle ones of which are long, and much larger 

 than the others, and only the two middle phalanges touch the ground. 

 The same arrangement exists in the metatarsal bones and phalanges. 



