KEY Vll. 



If. Lower portion of thighs 

 and all the shanks naked 

 without feathers ; bill 

 very long, straight and 

 pointed Herodiones (Herons). 



bK Hind toe raised at the joint 

 above the level of the 

 other toes. 



a". Lower portion of thighs 

 naked, without feathers. 



a^ Toes very long, middle 

 one longer than the 

 shank Ealli (Bails). 



¥. Middle toe hardly ever 



equal to the shank . . . Limicolis (Waders) [in part] . 



b^. Lower portion of thighs 

 clothed with feathers ; 

 spurs generally present, 

 in the males, at least ... Gallinae (Game-birds). 



b^. Three front toes completely 

 webbed, hind toe free. 



d\ Bill compressed or long and 



pointed Gavise (Gulls). 



6^ Bill depressed and flattened, 



never sharp-pointed Anseres (Ducks). 



c:\ Bill bent downwards in the 

 middle, lower mandible 

 fixed, upper mandible 

 movable Phoenicopteri (Flamingoes). 



c\ All four toes with lateral lobe- 

 like expansions Pygopodes (Grebes). 



d}. All four toes turned forwards 



and completely webbed Steganopodes (Duikers). 



, "Wings without quills, not used 

 for flight, modified as a swim- 

 ming organ, three toes com- 

 pletely webbed Sphenisci (Penguins). 



