upupiD^ upuPA y 



(I. With twelve tail-feathers. 



a'. Ten primaries, the first short about 



half length of wing Picidce, p. 124. 



6'. Nine primaries, the first nearly as 



long as the following ones Indicatoridce (except Proto- 



discus), p. 144, 

 h. With ten tail-feathers, 

 n'. With ten primaries. 



a-. Rietal and chin bristles well 



developed CapitonidcB, p. 156. 



V. Eiotal and chin bristles not con- 

 spicuous CuculidcB, p. 172. 



6'. With nine primaries, the first as 



long as the succeeding ones Protodiscus [Indicatoridce), 



p. 155. 



Suborder I. UPUP^. 



Toes somewhat syndactyle ; deep plantar tendons not free from 

 one another as generally stated, but a slip of the posterior tendon, 

 i.e., the flexor longus hallucis, joins the branch of ihe flexor per for ans 

 digitorum which supplies the third toe, so that while the fourth 

 and second toes are supplied by the flexor perforans digitorum alone 

 and the first toe by the flexor longus hallucis, the third toe is 

 supplied by a twig from both tendons (fig. 2/, p. 2) ; palate 

 desmognathous ; dorsal feather-tract defined on the neck, forked 

 on the upper neck (fig. 1, p. 2) ; oil gland tufted ; cseca absent ; 

 no ambiens or femoro-caudal muscles. 



Family I. UPUPID^. 



This family contains only a single genus, the characters of 

 which are given below. 



Genus I. UPUPA. 



Type. 



Upupa, Linn. Syst. Nat. 12th ed. i, p. 183 (1766) U. epops. 



Bill long and slender, curved from the base to the tip ; tongue 

 very short ; nostrils rounded and widely open, placed nearer the 

 culmen than the edge of the mandible ; head crested ; wings rounded 



