MEDUSA. 39 
a small funnel-shaped pit, which, like the groove, shows a fair amount of variation. 
This pit is probably a vestige of the upper part of the peronial groove. The existence 
of a peronial band and of the vestiges of a peronial groove in the perradii without 
tentacles marks the former existence of tentacles in those perradii, and shows that 
Solmundella is descended from a Medusa which had four perradial tentacles. 
The gonads are usually confined to the pouches of the stomach. In ofe 
specimen, however, the gonads extend over the lower part of the stomach, nearly up 
to the circular mouth. Many of the specimens of S, bitentaculata from Ceylon had 
gonads on the lower wall of the stomach, as well as on the walls of the pouches. 
The two tentacles are of the normal type, and are long, four to seven times 
as long as the diameter of the umbrella. None of the specimens possessed tentacles 
exceeding 40 mm. in length. 
The margin of the umbrella was invariably curled up, and had to be unfolded 
or cut off for the examination of the sense organs. Not a single specimen examined - 
possessed more than eight sense organs. There are four very minute interradial 
bulbs on the margin. 
Distribution.—S. mediterranea, as its name implies, occurs in the Mediterranean, 
and it is also widely distributed over the Atlantic (Maas, 1893). It is recorded by 
Maas (1906) for the Antarctic. About a dozen specimens were taken by the ‘ Belgica’ 
about lat. 70° 8., long. 81°:to 90° W. They were mostly larval stages, but one adult, 
3 mm. in diameter, was also found. Dr. Fewkes (1886) recognised from a sketch a 
Solmundella which was taken in Discovery Harbour, lat. 81° 44' N., long. 64° 45’ W. 
As one is not likely to be led astray over even a rough drawing of a Solmundella, the 
record shows that Solmundella extends from Pole to Pole. 
SCYPHOMEDUSA. 
INCORONATA. 
Famity LUCERNARIID. 
Genus Lucernaris, O. F. Miller, 1776. 
In the ‘Southern Cross’ collection there are two fine specimens of a Lucernaria, 
which were dredged off Cape Adare at the depth of 28 fathoms on 9th January, 1900. 
Both specimens are in a contracted condition, and it was necessary for the determina- 
tion of the specific characters and for the investigation of the internal anatomy to cut 
them longitudinally in half. 
When Prof. Haeckel (1881) described Lucernaria bathyphila, he pointed out that 
the reproductive organs had lobed sacs and branched hollow spaces, and that in this 
respect the species differed from the other Lucernarie. He was rather inclined to 
make it a type of a new genus, for which he proposed the name Lucernosa. 
