2 I 4 CARL SKOTTSBERG 



II. Introduced species. 



Everybody knows that it is often hard to tell if a certain species is 

 indigenous or not in a certain place. Many circumstances have to be considered; 

 still there are instances where a definite result cannot be obtained. In Masa- 

 tierra large pieces of ground have become spoilt by man during the last three 

 hundred years. It seems probable that species, even if they are true members 

 of the Chilean flora, that only inhabit such parts or have been found only in 

 places often visited by the inhabitants, should by classed as introduced. On 

 the other hand, wide-spread species not belonging to the anthropochorous 

 assemblage may be regarded as truly indigenous also in Juan Fernandez and 

 were listed among the wild species in this paper. If we can rely upon the 

 older accounts of the vegetation of Masafuera, also this island was more densely 

 wooded in bygone times, and the removal of the forest opened a vast field 

 for all sorts of immigrants. 



Nearly all the species enumerated below were introduced unintentionally. 

 A few useful plants brought on purpose and which have run wild, were 

 also included. 



1. Paspalum distichum L. — JOHOW, Estud. 133. — Syn. P fer?iande- 

 zianwn Colla. — Masatierra: BERTERO. — Pto Frances, B. Cumberland, Pto 

 Ingles (Johow). Not seen by us. — Also in Chile. 



2. Setaria geniculata Roem. et Schult. — Johow 1. c. 133. — Masa- 

 tierra: B. Cumberland (Johow). Not seen by us. — Also in Chile. 



3. Setaria imberbis Roem. et Schult. — Masatierra: DOUGLAS ! — 

 V. Colonial (no. 17); Q. Juanango (no. 606). — Also in Chile. 



4. Phalaris intermedia Bosc. — Johow 1. c. 134. — Masatierra: 

 Pto Ingles (SKOTTSBERG 1908). — Also in Chile.. 



5. Anthoxanthum odoratum L. — Johow 1. c. 134. — Masatierra: 

 Rather common in the basal region,' frequent in the outer parts of the valleys 

 and extending up on the ridges (nos. 205, 246). AcC. to JoHOW probably 

 introduced during the last 50 years, as it is not in earlier collections. — 

 Masafuera: Very common, from the coast to the highest mountains, perhaps 

 the most abundant species in the island (no. 560). — Also in Chile. 



6. Polypogon crinitus Trin. — JOHOW 1. c. 136. — Wet places, not 

 uncommon. Masatierra: Pangal, wet moss mats in the waterfall (no. 225); 

 B. Cumberland (Johow), east side of V. Colonial (no. 207); Pto Ingles, wet 

 rocks near landing place (no. 326); Q. Juanango, in the stream; stream near 

 the foot of Co Negro. — Masafuera: Q. de las Casas, common by the small 

 waterfalls in the gorge (no. 472); Q. Angosta and Q. del Varadero, in the 

 same kind of station; Playa Ancha, on the flat beach (no. 1185); Q. de la 



