300 PERI PAT US, MYRIOPODS, AND INSECTS. 



the junction of the tibia and the first tarsal joint, there is a 

 complicated mechanism which is employed in cleaning the 

 antenna ; this is present in all three forms, and varies with 

 the size of the antennae. In the workers the third leg is 

 remarkably modified for pollen gathering purposes. The 

 first tarsal joint bears regular rows of stiff straight hairs on 

 which the pollen grains are collected ; they are borne to the 

 hive in the pollen basket, placed at the back of the tibia, 

 and furnished with numer- 

 ous hairs. In queen and 

 drone, these special ar- 

 rangements of hairs are 

 absent. 



The second and third 

 thoracic segments bear 

 each a pair of wings. 

 These are largest in the 

 drones and relatively 

 smallest in the queen, 

 who flies but seldom. At 

 the base of each wing 

 there is a respiratory 

 spiracle. 



In the adult queen and 

 worker, the abdomen is 

 divided into six segments ; 

 in the drone, into seven. 

 There are no abdominal 

 appendages. On the ven- 

 tral surface in the worker, 

 but not in the queen or 

 drone, there are four pairs 

 of wax pockets or glands, 

 which secrete the wax 

 which, after mastication 

 with saliva, is employed in 

 building the combs. The abdomen also bears in queen and 

 worker five pairs of spiracles, but in the drone, on account of 

 the additional segment, there are six pairs. The total number 

 of spiracles is thus fourteen for queen and worker, and sixteen 

 for the drone. The posterior region of the abdomen bears 



Fig. 97. — Head and mouth parts 

 of Bee. (After Cheshire.) 



«, .'Vnlenna ; w, mandible ; g, gum flap 

 or epipharyn.\ ; vt.x.fi, maxillary palp \ 

 fg and inx, g.alea and lacinia ; /./, labial 

 palp ; /, ligula ; b, bouton at end. 



