EUCALYPTUS SALUBEIS. 



F. V. M., fragmenta phytographiEe Australise x. 54 (1876) ; in Trimen's Journal of Botany vi. 281 (1877) ; fragmenta phyto- 

 graphise Australiae xi. 12 (1878) ; Report on the Forest-resources of Western Australia, p. 13, pi. xv. (1879) ; Select 

 extratropic plants, New South Wales edition 129 (1881) ; German translation (Auswahl ausser-tropischer Pflanzen) 

 by Goeze, 154 (1883). 



Finally tall ; young branchlets thin, somewhat angular ; leaves of thin consistence, scattered, 

 sickleshaped- or linear-lanceolar, shining and dark-green on both sides ; their veins subtle, 

 ascending in a very acute angle, the circumferential vein but little removed from the edge of the 

 leaf ; oil-dots very copious, translucent ; umbels few-flowered, solitary, axillary or later lateral ; 

 umbel-stalks linear-wedgeshaped, much compressed ; stalklets rather thick, angular, from shorter 

 than the tube of the calyx to twice as long ; lid semielliptical, blunt, of about double the length 

 of the semi-ovate calyx-tube ; stamens all fertile, before expansion rather sharply bent inward ; 

 anthers oval-oblong, almost basifixed, bursting by marginal dehiscence ; connective comparatively 

 broad, distinctly prominent through nearly the whole length of the anther ; stigma not broader 

 than the summit of the style ; fruits small, semi-ovate, three- or rarely four-celled ; their margin 

 narrow ; valves short, nearly deltoid, emersed; fertile seeds very small, not very angular, without 

 any appendage ; sterile seeds extremely minute. 



From the eastern bases of the Darling's Ranges (F. v. M.) towards the more arid inland- 

 tracts, at least as far as Yurindin (Forrest), Ularing and Victoria-Spring (Giles), forming with 

 E. salmonophloia small open forests. 



This is the " Fluted G umtree " and also '^Gimlet Gumtree " of the West-Australian colonists, 

 so called on account of the broad longitudinal often twisted impressions or wide blunt longitudinal 

 ridges of the stem, a characteristic quite unique. At fall age the tree attains not rarely a height 

 of 120 or occas ionally even of 150 feet ; the stem is tall in comparison to the few and scattered 

 main-branches of the tree. Bark smooth, greyish, shining, to some extent brownish and greenish 

 tinged. Branchlets sometimes with a white bloom. Well-developed leaves from 3 to 6 inches 

 long, and ^f inch broad, gradually narrowed into a stalk of moderate length. Flower-stalks 

 ^1 inch long, upwards conspicuously widened. Flowers in each umbel 7 or fewer. Tube of the 

 calyx about 2 lines long. Lid smooth, shining, yellowish or pale-brown. Filaments pale- 

 brownis h when dry. Style shorter than the stamens. Fruits about \ inch long and broad. 

 Fertile seeds hardly above half a line long ; the sterile seeds stUl shorter. 



Specific name from the sanitary importance of this tree. 



In the article on E. oleosa some of the affinities are discussed already of E. salubris to that 

 species, and thus also to E. leptopoda, E. salmonophloia, E. longicornis and E. decipiens. The 

 umbel-stalks and fruits are not dissimilar to those of E. redunca ; the lid resembles that of 

 E. spathulata. Most of these congeners are rich yielders of volatile oil from their foliage, hence 

 important in hygienic respects as well as in therapy and technology. The wood of E. salubris is 

 tough yet easily to work, and serves for poles, shafts, and a variety of implements, also for rough 

 wood engraving ; it is harder and paler than that of E. longicornis. But it is the extraordinary 

 abundance of oil in the foliage, which renders this Eucalyptus significant, and the oil from this 

 and allied species is doubtless destined to become an article of export from Western Australia. 

 It may therefore here be the proper place for alluding in some respects to the importance, which 

 Eucalyptus-oil has assumed gradually also in medicine, although the kinds hitherto drawn into 

 use were chiefly from E. globulus and particularly from E. amygdalina. Of the efiicacy of this 

 oil as an internal remedy, by powerfully and quickly pervading the whole system, there can be no 

 doubt ; and likewise it has obtained already a wide scope in surgical practice. To results bearing 



