2l6 



BOTANY OF THE LIVING PLANT 



case of currants, vines, and various fruiting stocks. But some plants 

 are refractory and difficult to root. In such cases the stem below the 



Fig. 1C3. 

 Propagation by layering, (.\fttr Figuier.) 



shoot it is desired to establish may be nicked with a knife, and packed 

 with \\et moss or soil. Roots may then be formed, after which the 



shoot may be severed. 



Budding and grafting are 

 methods commonly used for 

 woody plants, but latterly they 

 have been employed also with 

 success in succulent plants. 

 These processes consist in the in- 

 sertion of a single bud, or of a 

 shoot bearing a number of buds, 

 not in the soil, butupon the corre- 

 sponding tissues of some related 

 plant. In the ease of shield 

 budding, which is largelv prac- 

 tised in the propagation of 

 varieties of roses, a bud is 

 removed from the plant which 

 It is desired to propagate, together with an area of superficial 

 tissues separated at the cambium layer. A suiface for its reception 

 is prepared by a T-shaped cut into the tissues of the stock that is to 



I"IG. IO4. 



Metliod of sliiclfl-biulriiiig or cublu' 

 (.\flci- loguitr.) 



i-giMliiiig. 



