xi] BACILLI SPECIFICALLY PATHOGENIC 207 



the post-mortem appearances showed the symptoms of 

 septicemia : viz., great congestion of the lungs, hver, and 

 kidney, inflamed peritoneum, pleural and pericardial exuda- 

 tion, the spleen dark and slightly enlarged in the mice, the 

 intestines relaxed, congested in the mucous and serous coats, 

 the cavity of the small intestine filled with sanguineous 

 mucus. Inoculation of guinea-pigs or mice with the gela- 

 tine cultures proved fatal in the mice within one, two, or 

 three days ; in the guinea-pigs larger doses had to be used to' 

 produce death in a day or two. When small doses are used' 

 there is noticed already in twenty-four hours, about the seat 

 of inoculation, a firm thickening which gradually extends 

 into wider areas ; and death ensues after several days to a 

 week. In all cases the bacilli can be easily demonstrated in 

 the heart's blood and in the congested organs by cover-glass 

 specimens and by culture. In sections through the liver and 

 kidney the bacilli are found in masses occluding like emboli 

 the capillary blood-vessels ; in the liver the central vein of a 

 lobule and numerous capillaries leading into it are found 

 filled with and distended by continuous masses of the 

 bacilli, the surrounding liver tissue being in a necrotic 

 state ; in the kidney numerous capillaries between the con- 

 voluted tubes of the cortex and in the glomeruli are found 

 occluded by the bacilli. The bacilli taken from the blood 

 are rounded at their ends, and motile ; in cultures, notably 

 in broth or other fluids, some of the bacilli are short like 

 cocci, others are oval, others again cylindrical ; there are 

 also numerous longer and shorter chains, which show active 

 motility ; in these chains the joints or elements are of all 

 shapes — cylindrical, oval, or coccus-like. That all these 

 forms belong to the , same species can be easily proved by 

 plate cultivation ; for in these all colonies are of exactly the 

 same kind. 



