XI] BACILLI : SPECIFICALLY PATHOGENIC 211 



the mother to the foetus, probably owing to ruptures (haemor- 

 rhages) in the vessels of the maternal placenta. 



3. Eberth and Schimmelbusch {Fortschritte d. Medicin, 

 Bd. VI., No. 8, p. 295) described an acute infectious disease 

 in mustela furo — Frettchenseuche — chiefly showing itself as 

 pneumonia with enlarged spleen ; in the heart's blood, in 

 the inflamed lung, the liver, and enlarged spleen there are 

 present numerous motile bacilli, similar in many repects to 

 the bacillus of swine fever, fowl cholera, and Wildseuche. 

 The cultures act very virulently on sparrows, less virulently 

 on pigeons ; fowls are refractory ; in rabbits the inoculation 

 produces only a local inflammation of a temporary char- 

 acter, and the same results are obtained, only milder, in 

 guinea-pigs. 



4. Duck cholera. — As such, Cornil describes a fatal 

 infectious disease affecting ducks, and in its symptoms and 

 causation similar to fowl cholera ; but there is this difference 

 between them, that the disease of the duck is not trans- 

 missible to the fowl. The bacilli are, however, similar in 

 many respects to those of fowl cholera. 



5. Foitd enteritis. — This is an acute fatal infectious 

 disease affecting fowls, but not pigeons and rabbits, and by 

 this alone its differentiation from fowl cholera is established ; 

 besides the microbe and its distribution, the course and 

 symptoms of the disease are quite distinct from fowl cholera. 

 I have met with the fowl enteritis on a poultry farm in 

 England, where it caused great mortahty. The disease has 

 been prevalent also in Ireland during the last few years. 

 The fowls when affected show diarrhoea of fluid greenish 

 evacuations, are quiet, but never show sleepiness or drowsi- 

 ness. In a day or two after the diarrhoea has set in they 

 are found dead. The mucous membrane of the intestine is 

 found congested, but without haemorrhage ; the interna] 



P 2 



