XI] BACILLI ; SPECIFICALLY PATHOGENIC 231 



July, 1880, there occurred in Welbeck, Notts, an extensive 

 outbreak of diarrhoea among over seventy-two persons who 

 had partaken of beef and ham sandwiches sold at Welbeck 

 on the occasion of a sale of timber and machinery on the 

 estate of the Duke of Portland. The infection showed 

 itself after an incubation-period varying from twelve hours 

 or less to forty-eight hours or more. The first symptoms 

 were a sudden feeling of languor, nausea, griping in the 

 abdomen, in some cases giddiness and fainting, and pain in 

 the trunk. Then followed pain in the abdomen, diarrhoea, 

 and vomiting, the diarrhoea being most constant. Four 

 cases ended fatally. On post-mortem examination enteritis 

 and pneumonia were most prominent. Part of the kidney 



Fig. 80. — Isolated Bacilli in a small Artery of the same Kidney as in 



PRECEDING figure. 



Some of the bacilli contain spores. 



was examined in microscopic sections, and it was found 

 that many of the tubuli uriniferi contained hyaline casts ; 

 that the capillaries of the glomeruli of the Malpighian 

 corpuscles, and the afferent arterioles, contained numbers 

 of bacilli, some of the capillaries being distended by and 

 plugged with masses of bacilli densely aggregated. In 

 February, 1881, a similar but less extensive outbreak 

 occurred at Nottingham, among fifteen persons that had 

 partaken of certain baked pork. The symptoms were 

 similar to those in the Welbeck outbreak. One case 

 ended fatally. Post-mortem : bloody exudation in peri- 

 cardium, intense pneumonia, mesenteric glands enlarged, 

 enteritis, Peyer's. glands enlarged. Bacilli similar to those 



