330 MICRO-ORGANISMS AND DISEASE [chap. 



twenty days at 37-5° C. The culture is then inspissated at 

 80^ C. to one-tenth its volume and filtered. From this fil- 

 trate by addition of a thirty-fold volume of 99 per cent, 

 alcohol a white voluminous precipitate is produced, which 

 dried m vacuo over calcium chloride yields a white powder, 

 easily soluble in water. 0^04 to 0-05 grain of the powder is 

 a dose for a horse ; of the fluid preparation above men- 

 tioned (Preusse's potato culture extract) and (Roux's broth 

 culture Mallein) i cc. 



If horses are injected subcutaneously with the Mallein 

 those affected with glanders react with great swelling 

 and rise of temperature from i'^-2'5'' C. or more; those 

 without glanders do not react as a rule, but 1° C. rise of 

 temperature may occur also in normal horses. The enor- 

 mous number of observations on the diagnostic value of 

 Mallein in all countries leave no doubt that although not 

 infallible in all cases, it has, nevertheless, in an overwhelm- 

 ing number of trials proved of the greatest value. 



Bacillus of Syphilis. — Lustgarten described (Med. Jahrb. 

 der k. k. Gesellsch. d. Aerzte, Vienna, 1885) peculiar bacilli 

 as occurring in syphihtic products. They resemble in size 

 and aspect very much the tubercle-bacilli ; their ends are 

 slightly thickened, and they often show nodosities ; these 

 bacilli are never found free between the tissue elements, but 

 always inclosed in cells, generally singly or in couples, or 

 rarely in groups, but their total number in a given section 

 is always small. The peculiarities they show in their mode 

 of staining have been mentioned in a former chapter. 



Doutrelepont and Schiitz (Deutsche Med. JFoch. 1885, 

 No. 19) have also demonstrated the occurrence of these 

 same bacilli by simply staining sections made of syphilitic 

 tissues in a watery i per cent, solution of gentian-violet with 

 subsequent contrast staining by safranin. 



