XV] ANAEROBIC BACILLI 389 



recover, and show themselves refractory against subcu- 

 taneous fatal doses. A safe mode of protective inoculation 

 used by these observers successfully on a large scale is this : 

 The tumour fluid (the juice of the gangrenous muscular 

 tissue) is rapidly dried at 32-35° C, then it is rubbed up 

 with water and heated to 100° C. Another lot is treated in 

 the same way, but heated only to 85° C. ; the first lot 

 represents a first vaccine (^premier vaccin), the second lot a 

 second vaccine (deuxihne vaccin) ; both can be dried and 

 sent to distances ; when required for use the dried matter is 

 rubbed up in 100 parts of water, and of this i cc. per animal 

 is subcutaneously injected. The premier (weaker) vaccine 

 must be used first ; after the lapse of about ten or twelve 

 days the deuxihne (stronger) vaccine is injected. Animals 

 thus twice vaccinated proved themselves completely pro- 

 tected against a fatal and virulent dose taken from the 

 natural tumour. 



Though there exists, both as regards the pathology and 

 the microbes, a certain resemblance between the malignant 

 oedema and the charbon symptomatique, this resemblance 

 is only superficial, and there can be little doubt that the 

 two diseases in their pathology, in their microbes, and their 

 transmissibihty or non-transmissibility to certain animals 

 are totally different diseases. The differences between the 

 non-motile aerobic bacillus anthracis and the motile anaerobic 

 bacillus of symptomatic charbon morphologically, culturally, 

 and in their effect on the guinea-pig are very conspicuous. 



4. Bacillus Enteritidis sporogenes} — During the night of 

 27th-28th October, 1895, there occurred suddenly an 

 epidemic of severe diarrhcea among the patients in the 

 wards of St. Bartholomew's Hospital ; the number of cases 



' Illustrations of the morphology of this bacillus could not be got ready 

 in time for this edition. 



