xvi] VIBRIO AND SPIRILLUM 455 



motility, growth in peptone salt, and cholera red reaction, 

 in gelatine, on Agar, on blood-serum, in its action on the 

 guinea-pig (administered per os after Koch), it is difficult 

 to distinguish it from the cholera vibrio ; perhaps it grows a 

 little faster on gelatine in the plate and in the stab, but, as 

 has been stated on a former page, such differences are 

 also observed between the individual varieties of the cholera 

 vibrios. 



The same has to be said of a number of vibrios and 

 spirilla that have been isolated in the course of the last 

 three or four years by various observers in different waters : 

 vibrio berilonensis, vibrio danubicus, vibrio of Warsaw, 

 vibrio Nordhafen, vibrios of the Elbe, various species of 

 vibrios' isolated from water (Seine and other rivers near and 

 around Paris) by Sanarelli {Annates de Flnstitut Pasteur, 

 November 1893). With the exception of the vibrio phos- 

 phorescens of Elwers and Dunbar, most of the others differ 

 from the typical vibrio of Koch so little and in so few 

 details — in fact, less so than do the individual varieties of 

 vibrios isolated from noted cases of cholera — that from their 

 morphological and cultural characters, including the cholera 

 red reaction which they all show to a greater or lesser 

 degree, and from their intraperitoneal pathogenic action on 

 the guinea-pig, they cannot be distinguished from the 

 different varieties of the true cholera vibrios. And for this 

 reason I think Sanarelli's contention that, inasmuch as the 

 water vibrios which he found in the Seine and other rivers 

 in France, that had been subject to notorious pollution with 

 the dejecta of cholera cases which had occurred in Paris, its 

 suburbs, and elsewhere in France, during the preceding years, 

 resemble in many respects the cholera vibrio, those water 

 vibrios are genetically related to the cholera vibrio, this con- 

 tention, I say, does not deserve to be set aside in the off- 



