464 MICRO-ORGANISMS AND DISEASE [chap. 



or would be altered. As a matter of fact, I have found that 

 of guinea-pigs immunised by repeated intraperitoneal injec- 

 tion with one variety of living cholera vibrios — derived from 

 an undoubted typical fatal case of Asiatic cholera in one 

 locality in England in 1893 — a certain percentage did not 

 prove themselves resistant against a subsequent intraperi- 

 toneal injection with a fatal dose of living cholera vibrios 

 derived from an undoubted and typical fatal case of Asiatic 

 cholera that occurred in another locality in England in 1893. 

 The animal that so died had acute peritonitis and only few 

 vibrios in the peritoneal exudation, but the intestine was full 

 of grumous fluid that contained the cholera vibrios in almost 

 pure culture (Reports of the Medical Officer of the Local 

 Government Board for 1894). 



All these results seem to me to show that the apodictic 

 announcement that such and such a vibrio is not a cholera 

 vibrio because it does not succumb to the " cholera serum " 

 obtained by immunisation with a particular cholera vibrio 

 is not sufficiently established, although it may be conceded 

 that a vibrio which does answer in positive fashion to 

 Pfeiffer's test is a cholera vibrio. For this last reason Pfeiffer's 

 test is undoubtedly of exceedingly great value both with 

 reference to cholera and typhoid, but it should not extend 

 its differential value to the negative cases. 



(ot). Vibrio Metchnikovi. — Gamaleia 1 describes an acute 

 fatal disease — gastro-enteritis cholerica — affecting fowls in 

 Odessa during the summer months ; the disease in its 

 symptoms and its fatality is very similar to fowl cholera, 

 but it differs in this essential respect that it is not caused by 

 the bacillus of fowl cholera ; it is caused by a vibrio present 

 in large numbers in the blood. In its morphology, motility, 

 size, and shape, and formation of S-shaped and spiral forms, 

 ^ Annales de PInstitut Pasteur, No. 9, 1888. 



