108 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 



Cervus (Pseudaxis) sika, Pococl:, Proo. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 942. 

 Cervus (Sika) nippon, LydeMccr, WairVs Records of Big Game, ed. 7, 

 p. viii, 1914. 



Shika or Sika : Japanese Deer. 



Typical locality Japan. 



The type species ; also type of Sikaillus, the other forms 

 of which are from the Goto Islands, Japan. 



Size typically small, shoulder-height about 33 inches, 

 but larger in the race inhabiting the Chinese mainland ; 

 general colour bright rufous chestnut, spotted on the body 

 with white in summer ; uniformly coloured, or nearly so, in 

 winter, when it is dark umber-brown, with the hairs 

 annulated ; a light chestnut patch on the shoulder ; sides of 

 upper and whole of lower lip white; tail mainly white, 

 frequently with a narrow black line on the upper surface 

 and sometimes a dark terminal tuft ; metatarsal tuft large 

 and white ; insides and part of base of outer surface of ears 

 covered witli white hairs. 



The range includes Japan, Northern China, and Man- 

 churia. Whether all the forms named by Heude under the 

 headings of Cervus and Sikaillus are identical with the 

 present species is doubtful ; the so-called C. dcriUicanvs, for 

 instance, may be Formosan. 



A. Size smaller C. n. iiippon. 



B. Size larger G. ri. manicliuricus. 



A. — Cervus nippon nippon. 



Cervus sioa typious, LydeA-Tcer, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1897, p. 39, Deer of 

 All Lands, p. 112, 1898, Great and Small Game of Europe, etc. 

 p. 231, 1901 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 50, 1910. 



Cervus nippon typicus. Lydelcher, Ward's Records of Big Game, 

 ed. 7, p. viii, 1914. 



Typical locality Japan. 



Size small, the height at the shoulder ranging from about 

 32 inches to 34 inches ; white area of caudal region large, 

 extending on to the sides of the buttocks, and completely 

 bordered with black above and at the sides. Fine antlers 

 measure from 21 to 26i inches along tlie curve, with a basal 

 girth of from 3^ to 5, and a tip-to-tip interval of from 12 to 

 20j inches. 



