CERVin.K 183 



and finer hair, shorter metatarsal glancl, which occupies a 

 considerable portion of upper half of shank, and also by 

 relatively large tail being black above and white below ; 

 general colour in winter speckled tawny brownish grey, the 

 individual hairs being dark brown for the greater part of 

 their length, but near the extremities ringed with yellowish 

 brown, and terminating in black tips ; hind portion of 

 under-parts and region of base of tail, as well as upper part 

 of throat and chin, white; face grey, darker on forehead; 

 legs dark cinnamon, without admixture of white hairs ; 

 tarsal and metatarsal tufts a shade lighter than adjacent 

 portions of -legs, no bare portion of gland visible in 

 metatarsal tuft ; in summer general colour reddish yellow ; 

 face-glands rather small ; antlers of the general type of 

 those of mule-deer, but smaller. The distinctive features of 

 this species are the black upper side of the tail and the 

 medium length of the metatarsal gland and tuft, which are 

 situated entirely above the middle of the shank. 



The range includes western North America from Alaska 

 and British Columbia, through Washington and Oregon west 

 of the Cascade Mountains, to California as well as the coast- 

 districts of Vancouver Island. 



The races are distinguishable as follows : — 



A. Colour yellower ; tail wholly white below. 



a. Ears larger. 



a! . Colour deeper 0. c. columhianus. 



v. Colour paler 0. c. scaphiohis. 



b. Ears smaller 0. c. sitjcensis. 



B. Colour redder ; tail dark below at tip 0. c. croohi. 



A.— Odocoileus columbianus columbianus. 



Odocoileus columbianus columbianus, Miller, List N. Amer. Mamm. 

 p. 387, 1912. 



Typical locality near mouth of Columbia lliver. 

 General characters those of the species. 

 45. 7. 4. 3 (681, i). Skull and antlers. Yalley of 

 Columbia Eiver. Presented hy the Hudson Bay Co., 1845. 



45. 7. 4. 4 (681, y). Skull, female. Same locality. 



Same history. 



