CEEVIDiG 241 



It is not at present possible to give a trustworthy " key " 

 to the various races. The European and West Asiatic 

 _ (exclusive of Novaya Zemlyan) races are distinguishable 

 as follows : — 



A. Size smaller, upper length of skull less than 



8i inches (225 mm.) B. f.platyrliynchns. 



B. Size larger, upper length of skull ranging 



from about lOf (270 mm.) to llf inches 

 (300 mm.). 



a. Upper length of skull from about lOf to 



11| inches B. t. tarandus. 



b. Upper length of skull about 1 If inches B. t. fennicus. 



East Asiatic (including Kovaya Zemlyan) and American 

 races fall into two groups, in the iirst of which (a) the 

 antlers are short with no tineless interval on the beam, and 

 most of the tines much palmated, while in the second (b) the 

 antlers are of great length, witli a long tineless interval on 

 the beam, and the tines themselves not greatly palmated 

 Intermediate forms tend to connect the extreme types. 



A. "Woodland Group. 

 B. t. sihii-icttx. B. f. ferraiwvtv. 



B. f. pearaoni. B. f. inoiitanns. 



B. i. phyllarcliiis. B. f. daivsorii. 



B. t. caribou' B. t. stouei.* 



B. f. sylvestris. (?) -B- t. fortirlens."' 



B. — Barren-Group Group. 

 B. t. osborni. B. t. arcticus. 



B. t. granti. B. t. grcenlancUcnx. 



B. t. excelsifrons. B. t. pearri. 



A.— Rangrifer tarandus tarandus. 



Eangifer tarandus typicus, Lydekher, Beer of All Lands, p. 33, 1898,- 

 Wmrd, Becords of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 84, 1910, ed. 7, p. 84, 

 1914. 



Bangifer tarandus Dar. cylindrieornis, Camerano, Mem. B. Ace. Set. 

 Torino, ser. 2, vol. li, p. 167, 1902. 



Eeindbee. 



Typical locality the mountains of Swedish Lapland. 

 Size relatively small, with subcylindrical antlers of an 



* Intermediate types. 

 IV. K 



