HIPPOPOTAMID.-E 389 



ties over the greater part of Ethiopian Africa, exclusive of 

 the forest-tract, and in the Pleistocene embraced a large 

 part of Europe. 



The five following races are recognised : — 



A. Width of orbit not exceeding height. 



a. Skull with moderate preorbital constriction 



and convex upper surface H. a. amjMbius. 



a'. Size larger, colour darker. 



a'. Orbits less prominent H. a. amphibius. 



b^. Orbits more prominent H. a. tschadensis. 



v. Size smaller, colour lighter H. a. TtoboTco. 



b. Skull with deeper preorbital constriction and 



flatter upper surface H. a. constrictus. 



B. "Width of orbit exceeding height, and flattening 



of skull still greater than in 6 H. a. australis. 



A.— Hippopotamus amphibius amphibius. 



Hippopotamus amphibius amphibius, Schwarz, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 

 ser. 8, vol. xiii, p. 31, 1914. 



Typical locality Xile Valley. 



Skull with moderate preorbital constriction, convex upper 

 surface, long mandibular symphysis, and relatively large 

 cheek-teeth. 



The reference to this race of the undermentioned Gambian 

 specimens, and also of those of which the locality is unknown, 

 is provisional. 



726, h. Fore part of lower jaw, with canines and incisors. 

 Locality unknown. JSfo history. 



726, d. Skull. Gambia, West Africa. 



Presented hy the Earl of Derby, about 1848. 



726, y. Skeleton, imperfect. West Africa (?), Gambia ; 

 collected by Mr. Dalton. Same history. 



41. 1. 14. 45 (726, «). Lower canine, immature. Locality 

 unknown ; collected by Dr. G. Mantell. Purchased, 1841. 



46. 3. 19. 1 (726, c). Lower canine. Locality unknown ; 

 collected by Mr. Harnett. Purchased, 1846. 



51. 11. 10. 12 (726, h). Skull, young. Locality unknown. 

 Purchased {Zoological Society), 1851. 



68. 2. 12. 1. Skull, female. Locality unknown. 



Presented by Executors of Dr. H. Falconer, 1868. 



