58 SELECT PLANTS FOK INDUSTRIAL CULTURE 



yielding cayenne pepper. Fraas believes this plant, as an 

 oriental one, to have been known already to Theophrastos and 

 Dioseorides. C. grossum (Willd.) is also mentioned by Colonel 

 Drury as a very pungent species. The summers o£ the warm 

 temperate zone admit of the successful growth of at least the 

 annual species of capsicum in all the lowlands. C. humile 

 binds also sands even when salty. 



Capsicum microcarpum, CandoUe. 



South America. It is this species which is preferentially used 

 in Argentina. There are annual and perennial varieties. 



Caragana arborescens, Lamarck. 



The Pea Tree of Siberia. The seeds are of culinary value, 

 but particularly used for feeding fowl. The leaves yield a 

 blue dye (Dr. Rosenthal). 



Carex arenaria, Linne. 



Europe and North Asia. One of the most powerful of sedges 

 for subduing roUing sand, not attracting pasture animals by 

 its rigid foliage. The roots are of medicinal value. 



Carex Moorcroftiana, Falconer. 



The Loongmur of the Alps of Thibet. One of the best of 

 gedges for staying the shifting sand by its deeply penetrating 

 and creeping roots. It forms an intricate net-work on the 

 surface and beneath, outliving most other fodder plants at its 

 native places ; it becomes available for cattle and horse food, 

 particularly in the cold of winter, and is held to be singularly 

 invigorating to pasture anijnals. 



Carissa Arduina, Lamarck. 



South Africa. A shrub with formidable thorns, well adapted 

 for boundary liaes of gardens, where rapidity of growth is 

 not an object. Quite hardy at Melbourne. C. ferox (E. 

 Meyer) and C. grandiflora, (A. de Cand.) are allied plants of 

 equal value. The East Australian, C. Brownii (F. von 

 Mueller), can be similarly utihsed. The flowers of all are very 

 fragrant. C. Carandas (Linne) extends from India to China ; 

 its berries are edible. 



Carpinus Americana, Michaux. 



The Water Beach or Ironwood of North America, thriving best 

 on the margins of streams. The wood is very fine grained, 



