268 SELECT PLANTS FOR INDtfSTEIAL CULTURE 



saplings serve for hoofs and whip- handles. The bark con- 

 tains about 8 per cent, tannin (Gard. Chron.). 



Quercus annulata, Smith. 



A large evergreen Oak of Nepal, which provides a very good 

 timber. It does not ascend quite so high as Q. incana. Q. 

 spicata (Smith), another very large Himalayan Oak, ascends 

 only to 5,000 feet ; it is known also from Borneo, Java, and 

 Sumatra. 



Quercus aquatica, Walter. 



North America. Height of tree, 60 feet; it furnishes a 

 superior bark for tanning, also wood for ship-building. This 

 Oak should be chosen for planting in wet ground or for border- 

 ing streams. 



Quercus Castanea, Nee. 



The Mexican Chestnut Oak. It furnishes edible acorns. 



Quercus Cerris, Linne. 



South Europe, South-West Asia. Turkey or Mossy-cupped 

 Oak. Of the height of the English Oak, in suitable locali- 

 ties, of quick growth. The foliage deciduous, or also ever- 

 green. The wood available for wheelwrights, cabinet-makers, 

 turners, coopers ; also for building purposes. Structure of the 

 wood similar to that of the British Oak ; the sapwood larger, 

 the heartwood of a more saturated brown, and the large rays 

 more numerous, giving it a most varied and beautiful wainscot 

 grain (Brandis). 



Quercus Chinensis, Bunge. 



North China. One of the hardiest among the evergreen 

 Oaks. 



Quercus chrysolepis, Liebmann. 



California. According to Vasey this evergreen Oak rarely 

 exceods 50 -feet in height, but supplies the hardest oak-wood 

 on the Pacific coast. Dr. Gibbons observes that it holds a 

 primary rank among Californian forest trees, but is of sparse 

 occurrence ; in suitable soil on the sides of mountains it is of 

 giant growth, spreading out in magnificent proportions. In 

 toughness and density of wood it represents the Live Oak of 

 Florida. 



Quercus coccifera, Linn^. 



The deciduous Kermes Oak of South Europe, North Africa 



