IN EXTRA -TROPICAL COUNTRIES. 375 



edible pods, is regarded by Dr. Th. Anderson as a mere 

 variety, and he thinks that all are sprung from the ordinary 

 R. Raphanistram (L.) of Europe. AU Radishes succeed best 

 in a calcareous soil, or aided by manure rich in lime. The 

 root of the Black Radish is comparatively rich in starch. 



Eemirea maritima, Aublet. 



Intratropical coast regions around the globe. A perennial 

 creeper for binding sand. 



Reseda Luteola, Linne. 



The Weld. Middle and South Europe, Middle Asia, North 

 Africa. A herb of one or two years' duration. Likes cal- 

 careous soil. A yellow dye (luteolin) pervades the whole 

 plant. The plant must be cut before the fruit commences to 

 develop, otherwise the pigment will much diminish. 



Beseda odorata, Linne. 



The true Mignonette. North Africa and Syria. A herb o£ 

 one or very few years' duration. The delicate scent can best 

 be concentrated and reipoyed by enfleurage. 



Rhagodia Billardieri, R. Brown. 



Extra-tropical Australia. An important bush for binding 

 moving sand on sea-shores. A herb of this Order, Atriplex 

 erystallinum (J. Hooker), should be encouraged in its growth 

 at the very edge of tides or sand-shores, where with Cakile 

 maritima, Mesembrianthemum australe, and M. sequilaterale, 

 it will form one of the most effectual first impediments to the 

 influx of sea-sand. 



Rhamnus catharticus, Linn^. 



The Buckthorn. Middle and South Europe, North Africa, 

 Middle Asia. It can be utilised as a hedge-plant. The 

 berries are of medicinal value, as indicated by the specific 

 name. The foliage and bark can be employed for the pre- 

 paration of a gi-een dye. 



Rhamnus chlorophorus, Lindley. 



China. From the bark a superior green pigment is prepared. 

 B. utilis, from the same country, serves for the like purpose. 

 This kind of dye is particularly used for silk, and is known as 

 Lokao. 



