534 PISCES——FISHES. 
The visceral arches are primitively supports for the 
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Fic. 280.—Under surface of skull and arches of 
skate.—After W. K. Parker. 
41, First labial cartilage; 2., rostrum; ¢., trabecular 
region ; #.c., nasal capsule; @.0., antorbital cartilage ; 
2tg-s palato-pterygo-quadrate ; M.c., Meckel’s car- 
tilage; .%., hyo-mandibular; 4.47.1-5, hypobran- 
chials ; ¢.47.5, fifth ceratobranchial ; ¢.4,., cerato-hyal ; 
4.2-4, labial cartilages. 
wall of the anterior part of the food canal, but the first two 
of them are much modified in connection with the jaws. 
