618 
Chelonian, sometimes measuring 6 ft. in length. 
REPTILIA. 
It is widely, but 
now sparsely, distributed in intertropical seas, and is said to be herbi- 
vorous. 
Fic. 335.—Internal view of tortoise skeleton. 
#7, humerus; SC., scapula running dorsally; PC., 
recoracoid; C., coracoid; EC., epicoracoid carti- 
age; P., pubis; /Z., ilium running dorsally to 
sacral vertebrz ; /S.,ischium; DV., dorsal verte- 
bre fused in-carapace; &., head of a rib; CEV., 
cervical vertebre free; CA V., caudal vertebre free. 
World, but not in Australia. In 
diet they are vegetarian. The 
common tortoise (Zestudo greca) 
and the nearly exterminated giant 
tortoises of the Mascarene and 
Galapagos Islands are good repre- 
sentatives. The latter may reach 
the age of 150 years. 
Order RHYNCHOCEPHALIA 
The only dving repre- 
sentative of this “class” is 
the New Zealand “Lizard” 
or Tuatara — Hatteria 
( Sphenodon) punctata. Lizard- 
II. THECOPHORA. 
Dorsal vertebrze and 
ribs fused in the 
carapace. Parietals 
prolonged down- 
wards. - Including 
the following and 
other families :— 
Chelonide, marine 
turtles, with fin-like feet, 
and partially  ossified 
carapace. They occur in 
intertropical seas, and 
bury their soft-shelled 
eggs on sandy shores. 
The green turtle (Chelone 
virides) is much esteemed 
as food; the hawk’s-bill 
turtle (Caretta imbricata) 
furnishes much of the 
commercial tortoise-shell, 
Testudinidz, land tor- 
toises, with convex per- 
fectly ossified carapace. 
and feet adapted for 
walking. They are found 
in the warmer regions of 
both the Old and the New 
FIG. 336.-—Dissection of Chelonian 
heart.—After Huxley. 
7.v., Right half of ventricle ; S., septum ; 
4v., left half of ventricle; ~a@., right 
auricle; Za., left auricle; d.ao., left 
aortic arch; ».a@o., right aortic arch; 
?.@., pulmonary arch. 
