INDEX 
PAGE 
Psolus . . . . . 272 | Recapitulation of ancestral 
Pteranodon . ‘ ‘ » 645 history . _ A 
Pteraster . , . » 260 | Rectal gland . . . 
Pterichthys . 5 . » §28 | Redcoral . A . . 
Pterobranchia ‘ A . 440 | Redia . . 5 . . 
Pterodactyl . . , . 645 | Reducing division . . 
Pteropods . ‘ . 421 | Reed . ‘ . . : 
Pteropus. 5 : . 783 | Reindeer . . ‘. 
Pterosauria . . . . 645 | Relative antiquity . 
Pterotrachea . . + 420 Animals . A : 
Pterygota. . s . 360 | Renal-portal system . 595, 
Pterylee . . - 653 | Reproduction . . 
Ptyalin . ‘: . » 27 a9 of Amphibia ‘ 
Ptychodera . . z » 435 ms of Crustacea. 
Puff-adder . 635 a of Fishes . ‘ 
Pulmonary sacs of Arachnids 363 ty of Insects . . 
as », of scorpion . 366 + of Mammals. 
a5 a of spider . 369 modes of . F 
Pulmonata . 7 + 421 Reproductive system fee 
Pupa . . . . 354 io Amphioxus . - 
Pupil of eye. . . + 497 a Anodonta . A 
Purpura . < 3 + 422 6 Arenicola . . 
Pycnogonidze , : - 378 a Ascidian. F 
Pycnogonum . . » 379 a Aurelia ‘ 
Pygostyle . . - . 660 i Balanoglossus F 
Pyloric czeca of Insects . + 345 os bee. . ‘ 
Pyrosoma . .. ¥ . 457 vs cockroach . F 
Python . . - » 634 5 crayfish $ 2 
' Pythonomorpha . : » 645 53 Crocodilia . 
“ iy Distomum . . 
QUADRATE . : 5 , a ms ee » . 
uagga F . . : 2 i rog. . : 
Quege e WA haddock s : 
RABBIT : . 5 . 697 5 Helix . - . 
Raccoon : . . 778 Pr Hirudo é . 
Radial symmetry . ‘ » 35 ‘6 Holothurian , . 
Radials ofa fin . 7 » 564 a5 Insects’. : Fi 
Radiolaria . s ; » 109 sh Lizards " , 
Radius. i « 482 si Myxine ‘ a 
Radula of cuttlefish ‘ - 407 5 Nematoda . A 
», of gasteropods . - 4II > Nemerteans . S 
»» of snail . + 386 95 Peripatus  . . 
Raja. See Skate. we Petromyzon “ ‘ 
Rana. See Frog. aa pigeon. - ‘ 
Rangifer . . - 758 a rabbit. . F 
Rat . ‘ ‘ ‘ «© 735 sa sea-urchin ¥ a 
Ratitee . ‘ ci ‘ - 686 38 Sepia . . . 
Rattlesnake . ‘ : . 635 i skate . - : 
Ray e , : . 507 is spider . 7 a 
Razor- shell 3 i ‘i . 427 rr starfish e ‘ 
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