LINDEN FAMILY 157 



2. V. aestivalis Miohx. Summer Grape. Stem climbing high; 

 bark shreddy. Leaves broadly heart-shaped, 3-5-lobed, the lobes 

 dentate, notches rounded, white-woolly when young, often nearly 

 smooth when old; tendrils or panicles opposite 2 out of every 3 

 leaves, panicles long and slender. Fruit dark blue, small, very acid. 

 In rich woods E. and S.* 



3. V.cinereaEngelra. Downy Grape. Branchlets angular, covered 

 with whitish or grayish down. Leaves entire or slightly 3-lobed, with 

 whitish or grayish down, especially on the under side. Berries small, 

 black, without bloom. S.W. 



4. V. cordifolia Michx. Frost Grape, Chicken Grape. Leaves 

 rather smooth, thin, and shining, either not lobed or somewhat 3-lobed, 

 heart-shaped, with the notch at the base deep and acute, taper-pointed, 

 with large, sharp teeth. Flower clusters large and loose. Grapes 

 shining black, very sour, not ripening until after frosts ; seeds 1 or 

 2, rather large. Moist thickets and banks of streams S. 



5. V. vulpina L. Riverside or Sweet-Scented Grape. Re- 

 sembling V. cordifolia, but the leaves more shining and more com- 

 monly 3-lobed. Fruit bluish-black, with a bloom, moderately sweet, 

 I in. or more in diameter, beginning to ripen in July. Along ponds 

 and streams, especially W. and S.W. 



6. V. rotundifolia Michx. Muscadine Grape. Stem climbing 

 high; joints short; bark not shreddy; wood very hard, often pro- 

 ducing long, aerial roots. Leaves orbicular, heart-shaped at the base, 

 coarsely toothed, neai'ly or quite smooth. Panicle small. Grapes few 

 in a cluster, large. The original form of the Scuppernong grape. S.* 



64. TILIACE.S;. Linden Family 



Trees or shrubs, rarely herbs. Leaves alternate, with 

 stipules. Flowers bisexual in cymes, the latter usually in 

 corymbs or panicles. Sepals 6. Petals 5 or fewer, or want- 

 ing. Stamens many, inserted on a swollen disk. Ovary 2-10- 

 celled, with one or more ovules in each cell. Fruit 1-12-celled, 



dry or berry-like. 



TILIA L. 



Trees with rough gray bark on the trunk ; bark of the twigs 

 smooth, lead-colored ; wood white and soft. Leaves cordate, 

 usually inequilateral. Cymes axillary or terminal, peduncles 

 adnate to a large, prominently veined, leaf -like bract. Flowers 

 yellowish-white. Sepals 5. Petals 6. Stamens many, in 5 



