PARSLEY FAMILY 173 



IV. OSMORHIZA Eaf. (WASHIHGTONIA) 



Perennials, springing from stout, aromatic roots. Leaves 

 compound in threes. Flowers white, in compound umbels. 

 Calyx teeth wanting. Fruit linear or nearly so, tapering at 

 the base, with 5 equal bristly ribs, without oil tubes. 



1. 0. Claytoni Clarke. Hairy Sweet Cicely. Rather stout and 

 hairy, especially when young, 1^-3 ft. high. Lower leaves on long 

 petioles, large, twice compound in threes, the divisions ovate or oval, 

 cut-toothed ; upper leaves nearly sessile, less compound. Umbels with 

 long peduncles and spreading rays. Style and its enlarged base some- 

 what conical. Root nauseous. Rich woods. 



2. 0. longistylis DC. Smooth-Leaved Sweet Cicely. Much 

 like No. 1 in general appearance. Smooth or nearly so. Style rather 

 thread-like. Root of a pleasant aromatic flavor (as is also the fruit). 

 Woods. 



Caution. So many plants of this family have actively poisonous 

 roots and foliage that it is unsafe for any one but a botanist, who 

 can distinguish the poisonous species from the harmless ones, to taste 

 them. 



V. CARUM L. 



Herbs, with slender, smooth stems. Leaves pinnately com- 

 pound, smooth. Umbels compound. Flowers white or yellow- 

 ish. Calyx teeth minute. Fruit smooth, oblong or ovate, with 

 thread-like ribs ; oil tube single in the intervals between the 

 ribs ; base of the styles thickened into a conical mass. 



1. C. CarviL. Caraway. Perennial. Leaves large, with the leaf- 

 lets cut into numerous thread-like divisions. Flowers white. Fruit 

 aromatic, used somewhat in this country and more in N. Europe for 

 flavoring cookies, bread, etc. Introduced from Europe. 



VI. ZIZIA Koch. 



Smooth perennials. Leaves generally as in Thaspium. In- 

 volucre wanting ; involucels of small bractlets. Umbels com- 

 pound. Flowers yellow. Calyx teeth prominent. Fruit more 

 or less ovoid, smooth, with thread-like ribs ; oil tubes large and 

 solitary between the ribs, and a little one in each rib ; the 

 central fruit of each umbellet sessile. 



