HEATH FAMILY 179 



faintly scalloped, often rounded at the base or almost heart-shaped, 

 usually shorter than the slightly margined petioles. Flowers white, 

 very fragrant. Varies greatly. Usually in dry woods N. 



III. MONOTROPA L. 



Leafless, simple, erect, white, brown, or red root parasites 

 or saprophytes or ted by slender fungus threads which cluster 

 on the roots. Stem scaly, the upper scales often passing into 

 bracts. Flowers solitary or in spikes or racemes. Sepals or 

 bracts 2-5, erect, deciduous. Petals 4 or 5, erect or spreading. 

 Stamens 8 or 10,hypogynous,the filaments awl-shaped ; anthers 

 kidney-shaped. Ovary 4-5-celled ; style simple ; stigma disk- 

 like, with 4-5 rays. 



B.Fl. species 2 (Hypopitys). 



1. M. uniflora L. Indian Pipe. Stem smooth, fleshy, 4-6 in. high. 

 Bracts ovate or lanceolate. Flower single, tubular, |-1 in. long, inodor- 

 ous. Stamens a little shorter than the petals. Capsule angled, \-\ in. 

 long. Whole plant waxy-white, turning black in drying. In moist, 

 shady woods N. and E.* 



2. M. Hypopitys L. Pinesap. Stems single or clustered, white 

 or reddish, 4-8 in. high. Bracts ovate-lanceolate. Flowers several, 

 in a scaly raceme, fragrant, \-% in. long. Capsule oval, \ in. long. 

 In dry, shady woods, especially under oaks or pines.* 



76. ERICACE.a;. Heath Family 



Usually shrubs or slightly shrubby plants. Leaves simple, 



generally alternate. Corolla commonly actinomorphic, 4-5- 



cleft, sometimes choripetalous. Stamens hypogynous, distinct, 



as many or twice as many as the petals ; the anthers mostly 



opening by a hole at the end. Ovary usually with as many 



cells as there are corolla lobes ; style 1. Seeds small, with 



endosperm. 



A 



Shrubs or small trees. Calyx free from the ovary. Corolla hypogynous, 

 usually sympetalous. 



Shrubs or small trees, with showy flowers. Anthers not held 

 down in pockets in the corolla. Rhododendron, I 



