SOUTHERN TEMPERATE ZONE. 281 



of shore fishes, which belong, with few exceptions, like 

 Biscopyge, Roplognathus, Boydixodon, to genera distributed 

 throughout the tropical zone, or even beyond it. But the 

 species, so far as they are known at present, are distinct from 

 those of the Indo-Pacific, as well as of the tropical Atlantic ; 

 and therefore this district cannot be joined either to the 

 Central American or the G-alapagoes. 



IV. — The Southern Temperate Zone. 



This zone includes the coasts of the southern extremity 

 of Africa, from about 30° lat. S., of the south of Australia 

 with Tasmania, of New Zealand, and the Pacific and Atlantic 

 coasts of South America between 30° and 50° lat. S. 



The most striking character of this fauna is the reappear- 

 ance of types inhabiting the corresponding latitudes of the 

 Northern Hemisphere, and not found in the intervening tropi- 

 cal zone. This interruption of the continuity in the geo- 

 graphical distribution of Shore-fishes is exemplified by species 

 as weU as genera, for instance — Chimmra monstrosa, Galeus 

 canis, Acanthias vulgaris, Acanthias hlainvillii, Rhina squatina, 

 Zeus faher, Lophius piscatorius, Gentriscus scolopax, Engraulis 

 encrasicholus, Clupea sprattus, Conger vulgaris. Instances of 

 genera are still more numerous — Cestracion, Spinax, Pristio- 

 phorus, Raja; Callanihias, Polyprion, Sistiopterus, Cantharus, 

 Box, Girella, Pagellus, Chilodactylus, Sehasfes, Aploactis, 

 Agonus, Lepidopus, Cyttus, Psychrolutidm, Notacanthus ; 

 Lycodes, Merluccius, Lotella, Phycis, Motella ; Aulopus ; TJro- 

 campus, Solenognathus ; Myxine. 



Naturally, where the coasts of the tropical zone are con- 

 tinuous with those of the temperate, a number of tropical 

 genera enter the latter, and genera which we have found 

 between the tropics as well as in the temperate zone of the 

 Northern Hemisphere, extend in a similar manner towards the 



