HEEKINGS. 657 



silvery, lateral band, similar to that observed ia the Atherines. 

 The most celebrated Anchovy is H. encrasicholus, very plentiful 

 in the Mediterranean, but rarely wandering northwards. It 

 is the species which, preserved in salt, is exported to all parts 

 of the world, although similarly lucrative fisheries of Anchovies 

 might be established in Tasmania where the same species 

 occurs, in Chile, China, Japan, California, at Buenos Ayres, 

 each of which countries possesses Anchovies by no means 

 inferior to the Mediterranean species. 



CoiLiA. — Body terminating in a long tapering tail. Scales of 

 moderate size. Snout and jaws as in Engraulis. Anal fin 

 exceedingly long, confluent with the caudal. The two or three 



Fig. 300.' — Coilia clupeoides. 



upper pectoral rays are much prolonged, and their branches form 

 four, six, or seven filaments. 



Ten species from Indian and Chinese seas. 



ChatoEssus. — Body compressed ; abdomen serrated. Scales 

 of moderate size. Snout obtuse, or obtusely conical, more or less 

 projecting beyond the cleft of the mouth, which is narrow, more 

 or less transverse. Maxillary joined to the ethmoid, its upper 

 portion being behind the intermaxillary. Teeth none. Anal fin 

 rather long ; dorsal opposite to the ventrals, or to the space 

 between ventrals and anal. Gill-membranes entirely separate ; 

 branchial arches forming two angles, one pointing forward and 

 the other backwards ; the fourth branchial arch with an accessory 

 organ ; branchiostegals of moderate length, five or six in number. 



Ten species from the coasts, brackish and fresh waters of 



2u 



