NUCIFRAGA. — PYKRHOCORAX. 7 



Distribution in the British Islands. — A Rare Visitor: is 

 known to have occurred in Cheshire in 1860 ; in Sussex on 

 several occasions, in winter and spring ; in Kent, Jan. 1905, 

 and in the Orkneys, Oct. 1868. 



General Distribution. — The typical form breeds in Scandi- 

 navia, Lapland, Finland, and the Russian Baltic Provinces, 

 East Prussia, and the principal mountain ranges of Europe. 

 Many leave the higher regions in winter and go to the lower 

 parts of southern Germany and France. It is replaced by 

 allied forms in Asia. 



Nucifraga caryocatactes macrorhynchus*. 



Slender-billed Nutcracker. 



Nucifraga macrorliynclios C. L. Brehm, Lehrb. Naturg. 

 eur. Viigel, i. 1823, p. 103 : Germany. 



Nucifraga caryocatactes {Linn.) ; Sharjje, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. 

 1877, p. 53 (part.). 



Macrorliynchos = long beaked, from juaicpos and pvyxos. 



Distribution in the British Islands. — A Rare Visitor, known 

 to have occurred in the autumn or winter of 1911 in Norfolk, 

 Suffolk, Kent, Sussex, Surrey, and Buckinghamshire. 



General Distribution. — Breeds in Siberia eastwards to 

 Korea, moving west in autumn and appearing as an 

 occasional visitor in Germany, Scandinavia, France, Den- 

 mark, etc. 



Genus PYRRHOCORAX VieiUot, Analyse, 1816, p. 36. 

 Type : P. graculus (Linn.). 



Pyn-hocorax — irvppoKopa^, a crow with a reddish beak, in Pliny, N. H. x. 

 i8 ; from icvppos = the colour of fire, TTvp, and Kopal = a Crow. 



* This form has only recently been recognised, and it is difficult to say to 

 which race the somewhat numerous British specimens should be referred. 

 Neither race has occurred in Ireland, 



