8 STURNID^. 



Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax. Chough. 



Upupa pyrrhocorax Linnmus, Syst. Nat. 1758, p. 118 : 



Coasts of England. 



Graculus graculus {Linn.) ; Sliarpe, Gat. Birds B. M. iii. 1877, 



p. 146. 

 Pyrrhocorax graculus {Linn.) ; B. 0. U. List, 1st ed. 1883, p. 66 ; 



Saunders, Manual, 2nd ed. 1899, p. 231. 



Distribution in the British Islands. — Resident on the south- 

 west coast o£ England ; locally in the coast-districts of 

 Wales, the Isle of Man, the south-west of Scotland and its 

 islands, and in Ireland. A rare visitor elsewhere. 



General Distribution. — Resident in western and southern 

 Europe from the Channel Islands and the north-west coast 

 of France to Greece, and in Switzerland. It occurs occasion- 

 ally in the Bavarian and Austrian Alps, and is also resident 

 in Asia Minor, Syria, the mountains of central and northern 

 Asia, eastwards to China, southwards to the Himalaya ; also 

 in Abyssinia, north-west Africa, and some of the islands of 

 the Canary group. 



Family STURNID^. 



Genus STURNUS Limueiis, Syst. Nat. 1758, p. 167. 



Type : S. vulgaris Linn. 



Sturnus, the name in Pliny, perhaps akin to 'i'"P> ^trix, turdus, trissdre = 

 to twitter (Vaiii9ek). The derivation from stella = a star, is clearly fanciful ; 

 " Starling " is merely the diminutive of " stare," German " Staar," from the 

 same root as sturnus. 



Sturnus vulgaris. Starling. 



Sturnus vulgaris Linnceus, Syst. Nat. 1758, p. 167 : 



Sweden. 

 Stumus vulgaris Linn. ■ B. O. U. List, 1st ed. 1883, p. 65 ; 



Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. 1890, p. 27; Saunders, 



Manual, 2nd ed. 1899, p. 227- 



Vulgaris = common. 



Distribution in the British Islands. — Hesident, generally 



