16 FBINGILLIB/E. 



General Distribution. — The typical form of this species 

 inhabits Europe with the exception of the extreme north, 

 Portugal, and the Mediterranean Islands. It is found also in 

 Siberia, China and Japan, but is of doubtful occurrence or 

 very rare in northern Africa. It is replaced in western and 

 southern Asia, Sumatra, Java, Borneo, and Formosa by allied 

 forms. 



Genus MONTIFRINGILLA Brehm, Isis, 1828, p. 1277. 

 Type : M. nivalis (Linn.). 



Montifringilla from mores = mountain, and fnngilla = a fiuch. 



Montifringilla nivalis. Snow-Finch. 



Fringilla nivalis Linnwus, Syst. Nat. 12th ed. i. 1766, 

 p. 321 : America, errore. 



Montifringilla nivalis Shcirpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. 1888, p. 259 ; 

 Nicoll, Bull. B. O. a XV. 1905, p. 58. 



Nivalis = o£ the snow. 



Distribution in the British Islands. — Rare Visitor. Has 

 been recorded in Sussex, February 1905, and Kent, December 

 1906. 



General Distribution. — The Snow-Finch breeds high up 

 in the Pyrenees, Sierra Nevada, Alps, and Apennines, 

 in Montenegro and Greece. Allied forms replace it in the 

 Caucasus and some of the mountain systems of central Asia. 

 It comes to the lower regions when driven down by stress of 

 weather. 



Genus FRINGILLA Linnaim, Syst. Nat. 1758, p. 179. 

 Type : F. ccelebs Linn. 



Fringilla, some small bird, in classical Latin. 



Fringilla ccelebs. Chaffinch. 



Fringilla ccelebs Limmus, Syst. Nat. 1758, p. 179 : 



Sweden. 



Fringilla ccelebs i/«);.; B. O. U. List, Isted. 1883, p. 52; Sharpe, 

 Gat. Birds B. M. xii. 1888, p. 171; Saunders, Manual, 

 2nd ed. 1899, p. 183. 



