FRINGILLA. 17 



0(Ble6s=umnarried, single ; because Lirniseus noticed that female Chaffinolies 

 emigrate southwards from Sweden in autumn, leaving the adult males 

 " celibate " till spring. 



Distribution in the British Islands. — Eesident, abundant 

 and general, except in the Shetlands and Outer Hebrides, 

 Where it occurs on its migrations. Also a Winter Visitor 

 from the Continent, and a Bird of Passage to and from its more 

 northern and southern seasonal homes. 



General Distribution. — The typical form breeds in Europe 

 generally, from the Mediterranean almost up to the North 

 Cape ; also in western Asia, in Persia, Turkestan and Siberia as 

 far east as Omsk. Many individuals leave the more northern 

 portion of their range in winter, at which season they are 

 found as far south as north Africa. It is represented by allied 

 forms in north-west Africa, Madeira, the Canary Islands, and 

 Azores, and birds from Corsica have been distinguished. 



Pringilla montifringilla. Brambling. 

 Fringilla montifringilla Linnmus, Syst. Nat. 1758, 



p. 179 : Sweden. 



Fringilla montLfringilla Linn. ; B. O. IT. List, 1st ed. 1883, p. 52 ; 

 Sharps, Gat. Birds B. M. xii. 1888, p. 178; Saunders, 

 Manual, 2nd ed. 1899, p. 185. 



JtfomM/mip'illa= mountain-finch ; from mons and /j'irajiUa. 



Distribution in the British Islands. — A Winter Visitor, 

 widely distributed, but somewhat irregular in its visits to tha 

 south and west of England and the western Islands of Scotland. 

 A Bird of Passage from and to its northern summer haunts 

 and its southern winter quarters beyond our shores. 



General Distribution. — Breeds in the pine and birch forests 

 of the north of the Old World from the Atlantic to the 

 Pacific. In winter it is found all over Europe and occasion- 

 ally in north Africa, also in Turkestan, north-west India, 

 China, and Japan. 



