66 PARlDiE. 



B. O. TT. List, 1st ed. 1883, p. 26 ; Saunders, Manual, 2nd ed. 

 1899, p. 105. 



■Ater = blaok. 



Distribution in the British Islands. — A Rare Visitor. Ex- 

 amples of the continental race have twice occurred in Moray- 

 shire, Scotland, and on the east coast of England, namely, in 

 Norfolk in Jan. and in the spring of 1866 ; also in Kent, 

 Oct. 1913. 



General Distribution. — The typical race of the Coal-Tit 

 breeds in Europe south of about 65° N. latitude and 

 throughout northern Asia to Kamchatka. 



Other races inhabit Sardinia, probably Spain and Portugal, 

 north-west Africa, Cyprus, Crimea, Ihe Caucasus, and parts 

 of Asia. 



Parus ater britannicus. Bbitish Coal- 

 Titmouse. 



Parus britannicus Sharpe Sf Dresser, Ann. & Mag. Nat. 

 Hist. (4) Yiii. 1871, p. 437 : England. 



Parus britannicus Sharpe ^ Dresser ; Gadow, Oat. Sirds JB. Jif. 

 ■sdii. 1883, p. 41 ; £. O. Z7. List, 1st ed. 1883, p. 26 ; Saunders, 

 Manual, 2nd ed. 1899, p. 105. 



Britannicus = British. 



Distribution. — Resident and widely distributed, but absent 

 from the Outer Hebrides, Orkney and Shetland Islands, and 

 other treeless areas. It occurs in the north-east of Ireland 

 but is not known to breed .there, and is not known outside 

 the limits of the British Islands. 



Parus ater hibernicus. Irish Coal-Titmouse. 



Parus hibernicus Ogilvie-Grant, Bull. B. 0. C. xxvii. 

 1910, p. 37 : Ireland. 



Hibernicus = Irish, 



Distribution. — Resident and peculiar to Ireland, where it is 

 widely distributed. 



