104 ACCENTORlb-S:. 



and northern China ; also in Grilgit and north Kashmir. It 

 winters in north-east Africa and Arabia, and has occurred in 

 Italy and Heligoland. In Cyprus CE. I. cypriaca has been 

 recognised. 



(Enanthe leucura. Black Wheatear. 



Turdus leucurus Gmelin, Syst. Nat. i. pt. 2, 1789, p. 820 : 



Gibraltar. 



Saxicola leucm-a (Omel.) ; Seebohm, Cat. Birds B. M. v. 1881, 

 p. 375 ; N. F. Ticehurst, British Birds, iii. 1910, p. 289. 

 I/et«;ttra=white-tailed, from \euKos and ovpA, 



Distribution in the British Islands. — A Rare Visitor. It has 

 occurred in Sussex, Aug. and Sept. 1909 ; and at Fair Isle, 

 Shetlands, in Sept. 1912. 



General Distribution. — The Black Wheatear breeds in 

 the Iberian Peninsula, the Eiviera, and apparently in 

 Sicily. Two allied forms have been recognised from north- 

 west Africa. 



Family ACCENTORIDiE. 



Genus ACCENTOR Bechstein, Orn. Taschenb. i. 1802, 

 p. 191. iS. C. 



Type : A. collaris (Scop.). 



Accentor=nt.e who sings with another ; from ad, and cantor, a singer. 



Accentor modularis. Hedge-Spakeow. 



Motacilla modularis Linnams, Syst. Nat. 1758, p. 184 : 



Sweden. 



Accentor modularis {Linn.) ; Sharps, Gat. Birds B. M. vii. 1883, 

 p. 649 ; B. O. U. List, 1st ed. 1883, p. 22 ; Saunders, Manual, 

 2nd ed. 1899, p. 93. 



JlfMMjaris=that sings sweetly ; from «i5<Jm!ms= musical note. 



Distribution in the British Islands. — A common Eesident. 

 Scarcer in the north of Scotland, the Outer Hebrides, and 

 Orkney Islands. A number of our native birds are migratory, 



