Accentor. — ciNctits. 105 



leaving our islands in the autumn and returning in the 

 spring, and hence are Summer Visitors. It occurs as a Bird 

 of Passage and a Winter Visitor from the Continent. 



General Distribution. — The Hedge-Sparrow breeds in 

 Europe generally from about 70° N. latitude southwards, but 

 is apparently only a winter visitor to southern Spain and 

 south-east Europe. It is a partial migrant, and is found 

 in winter in Asia Minor, Syria, and occasionally in north- 

 west Africa. Allied forms have been described from the 

 eastern shores of the Black Sea and Transcaucasia, and from 

 central Persia. 



Accentor CoUaris. Alpine Accentok. 



Sturnus coUaris ScopoU, Ann. i. Hist. Nat. 1769, p. 131 : 



Carinthia. 



Accentor collaris (ScopoU) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vii. 1883, 

 p. 661; B. O. TJ. List, 1st ed. 1883, p. 23; Saunders, 

 Manual, 2nd ed. 1899, p. 95. 



Collans=yri.th a conspicuous neck (collum). 



Distribution in the British Islands. — A Rare Visitor. It has 

 occurred in Fair Isle, Shetlands, Yorkshire, Suffolk, Essex, 

 Surrey, Cambridgeshire, Sussex, Hampshire, Devonshire, 

 Cornwall, Somersetshire, Gloucestershire, Warwickshire, and 

 Carnarvon. 



General Distribution. — Tlie Alpine Accentor inhabits the 

 mountain ranges of southern and central Europe. Various 

 allied forms have been distinguished in south-east Europe, 

 and in Asia from Asia Minor to Japan. 



Fiimily CINCLID^. 



Genus CINCLUS Borkhausen, Deutsche Fauna, 1797, 

 p. 300. 



Type : C. cinclus Linn. 



Cinclus=KiyKXos, a bird mentioned by Aristotle, from the charaoteristio 

 action of wUch the verb iciy«:\i?eti/=to wag the tail, was formed. Probably 

 akin to k6\A(u=I move, with a nasal reduplication. 



