KIPAUIA. DRYOBATES. 113 



Genus EIPAEIA Forster, Synop. Cat. Brit. Birds, 



1817, p. 17. 



Type : R. riparia (Linn.). 



Ripdna = that frequents river-banke. 



Riparia riparia. Sand-Maetin. 

 Hirundo riparia Linnwus, Syst. Nat. 1758, p. 192 : 



Sweden. 



Cotile riparia (Linn.) ; JB. O. Z7. List, 1st ed. 1883, p. 44 ; Sharpe, 

 Cat. Birds JB. M. x. 1885, p. 96 ; Saunders, Manual, 2nd ed. 

 1899, p. 167. 



Distribution in the British Islands. — A Summer Visitor 

 widely distributed over Great Britain and Ireland, but some- 

 what rare in the Outer Hebrides and the Orkneys and Shet- 

 lands. A Bird of Passage along our coasts in spring when 

 en route to its summer home in northern Europe, and in 

 autumn when returning to its African winter haunts. 



General Distribution. — The Sand-Martin breeds through- 

 out Europe, from 70° N. latitude southwards ; also in 

 Algeria and Tunisia to Syria, Palestine, and Siberia, but its 

 limits in Asia are imperfectly known ; also in North America. 

 It winters in eastern and southern Africa, India, and South 

 America. Allied forms have been recognised in Siberia, 

 north-west India, Turkestan, and the Nile valley. 



Order PICIFORMES. 



Suborder PICL 



Family PICIDJi:., 



Genus DRYOBATES Boie, Isis, 1826, p. 977. 

 Type : D. pulescens (Linn.). 



Dryoiates=one that goes on oaks from lpvs=a,u oak, and j3atvi,i=l go. 



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