CHETTUSIA. — VANELLUS. 249 



General Distribution. — The Sociable Plover breeds from 

 the steppes of southern Russia and the Caucasus eastwards 

 through Transcaspia and Turkestan to western Mongolia. In 

 winter it visits India, Arabia, and north-east Africa. It 

 has occurred, no doubt accidentally, on the Upper Yenesei 

 in 61° N. latitude, and has been obtained in Spain, southern 

 France, and Italy, and observed in Poland. 



Genus VANELLUS Brisson, Orn. v. 1760, p. 94. 

 Type : V. vanellus (Linn.). 



Vanellus (formerly often spelt Vannellus), diminutive of vannus = a fan, 

 •whence the French name Vanneau. 



Vanellus vanellus. Lapwing. 



Tring'a vanellus Limvcus, Syst. Nat. 1758, p. 148 : 



Sweden. 



Vanellus vulgaris Beclst. ; B. O. U. List, 1st ed. 1883, p. 161 ; 



Saunders, Manual, 2nd ed. 1899, p. 555. 

 Vanellus vanellus {Linn.); Sharpe, Cat. Birch B. 31. xxiv. 1896, 



p. 166. 



Distribution in the British Islands. — A Resident, generally 

 distributed, but less numerous in many parts of England than 

 it is in Scotland and Ireland. In autumn large flocks of 

 continental birds reach our shores, and many of them, as 

 well as some of our native birds, pass on farther south. 



General Distribution. — The Lapwing breeds sparinglyin the 

 Faeroes and in Europe, from the Arctic Circle southwards to 

 Spain and eastwards across Siberia and Mongolia to Japan ; 

 also sparingly in Morocco and apparently in Egypt. In 

 winter it is found in southern Europe, north Africa, and from 

 Asia Minor eastwards to northern India and south China. 

 It has occurred accidentally on Jan Mayen, Greenland, 

 Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Long Island, U.S.A., and some 

 of the West Indies. 



