THE BIRDS OF NEW JERSEY. 37 



Butter-hall. See Bufifle-headed Duck. 

 Calicoback. See Turnstone. 

 Canary, WiM. See Goldfinch. 

 Canvashack. See Canvasback Duck. 



Cardinal, Cardinal Ch'osbeak, or Virginia 

 JVightingale, — Length, eight and a quarter inches; bill, 

 three fifths of an inch; extent, eleven inches; head, con- 

 spicuously crested, of a bright vermillion, tipped with 

 grayish; the bill red, and black about the base. The 

 color of the bird is a uniform rosy red, the legs being 

 light clay and the feet darker to brown. The female 

 is brownish gray, lighter beneath and tinted with dull 

 red. The birds of both sexes are excellent providers for 

 their young and the male is a devoted husband. 



The nest is a bulky affair, built in bushes, of twigs, 

 roots and bark, lined with fine grass. The eggs are three 

 or four in number, one inch by seven-tenths in size, 

 white with spots of red and brown. 



The birds breed in the eastern United States east of 

 Iowa and are residents all through New Jersey, being 

 numerous in the southern part. A large number winter 

 here, some, however, going further south. The bird has 

 been introduced into France and England as a cage bird 

 and in the latter country has been named the Virginia 

 Nightingale. 



Its call note is tsip and its song a clear whistle re-. 

 sembling the word Peace, peace, with the ea long drawn 

 out. 



Its food consists principally of worms, grubs and in- 

 sects. 



Catbird.-^luengih., nine inches; extent, thirteen 

 inches, bill, three-fifths of an inch. The bird is of a 

 deep slate color, the tail being black and the under part 



