COMMERCE IN MAIZE GRAIN 591 



tion of this system, in the most suitable and economical form, CHAP, 

 to the handling and conveying of grain, to each individual case XIL 

 which presents itself. 



Elevator warehouses for bagged grain are in use in Argen- 

 tina. These possess some of the most modern installations 

 for effecting the loading and off-loading of grain, for weighing 

 separately, classifying, and drying. 



546. The Working of Elevators. — The grain for a bulk 

 elevator is run loose from the spout of the threshing machine 

 into the farmer's cart, which is so constructed that when 

 unhitched from the shafts it tips backwards and dumps the 

 grain into the elevator spout. 



At the Windmill Wharf elevator, Montreal, the system of 

 working is as follows. Trucks conveying grain are shunted 

 over large pits on the floor of the building ; the truck doors 

 are opened and the grain flows out into a hopper or pit leading 

 to the boot of an elevator leg. The movement of the grain 

 is assisted by a man with a large two-handled power shovel 

 or scoop to which is attached a rope wound upon a rotating 

 drum. From the boot the grain is constantly being elevated 

 up the leg, weighed, classified, and transferred by gravity into 

 the storage bins. From these bins it can be delivered in whole 

 or part, as required, into trucks or direct into the hold of the 

 ship. 



At Mannheim the elevator spout can be extended suffi- 

 ciently far out to discharge grain from a second vessel placed 

 alongside the one next the wharf, while ordinary merchandise 

 is being discharged from the latter by means of cranes. When 

 the grain is emptied from the boats into an elevator, it is 

 passed through a telescoping tube to automatic weighing 

 machines, thence by means of conveyors to inside elevators. In 

 the latter it is carried to the topmost story and discharged 

 upon a conveyor by which it is carried to the various bins. 



547. Elevator Charges. — The usual elevator warehouse 

 charge in Chicago is § cent per bushel (1 "3 35<d. per muid) 

 for the first ten days or part thereof, and r V cent per bushel 

 (•045 of a penny per muid) per da)- for each additional day 

 thereafter, so long as it remains in good condition. This 

 charge includes off-loading grain from trucks, storage, and 

 re-loading into steamers or trucks. One elevator charges only 



