630 MAIZE 



chap, differ according to the particular machinery used, and there is 

 no uniformity of composition in the products turned out under 

 the same name. In South Africa there are mills producing, 

 from one lot of grain, the following products : — 



Samp. 



Mielie meal, No. 1 quality. 



Mielie meal, No. 2 quality. 



Germ meal. 



Hominy-chop. 

 By such a process there is practically no waste ; first, the 

 grain is cleaned ; second, it is steamed to soften the hull, 

 which is then removed, chopped up, and mixed with screen- 

 ings from other steps in the process, to form hominy-chop, 

 which is sold for stock food ; third, the grain is cracked and 

 the "germ" removed (" degerminated ") ; the latter is then 

 ground into "germ meal," which is also sold for stock food; 

 this contains much of the protein and oil ; fourth, the larger 

 portions of starchy grains, free from "germ," are sifted out to 

 form samp ; this contains less protein and practically no fat ; 

 fifth, the finer portions are ground into mielie meal, from 

 which the No. I grade is sifted ; sixth, the siftings of No. I 

 meal are again ground and form No. 2 meal. 



585. Condition for Milling. — Maize for milling should be 

 in dry condition ; to produce the best results the moisture- 

 content should not be more than 10 to 12 per cent ; if this is 

 much exceeded, the capacity of the milling plant is consider- 

 ably reduced, and an uneven grade of meal is produced which 

 will not keep in good condition for any length of time. South 

 African maize is pre-eminent for its dry condition, as the maize 

 crop is dried by the sun, Nature's own method and the best. 

 If due care is taken that the maize is dry before shelling, it is 

 unnecessary to resort to artificial means of "conditioning" the 

 crop, either for home consumption or for export, as is done in 

 so many other parts of the world. 



586. Mill-products of Maize. — The various mill-products 

 which can be obtained from maize include : — 



Ordinary maize meal. 



High-grade maize meal for table use. 



Crushed maize. 



Maize-and-cob meal. 



