CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF MAIZE GRAIN 631 



Samp, hominy, and grits. CHAP. 



Flaked maize or corn-flakes. Xln - 



Starch. 



" Corn-flour." 



Flourine. 

 The by-products include : — 



Maize bran. 



Hominy-chop or hominy-feed. 



Maize germ. 



Germ meal. 



Gluten-feed. 



Gluten meal. 

 587. Hominy Mill Products. — Hopkins (3) gives the follow- 

 ing interesting account of the products obtained in American 

 hominy mills : — 



" The whole corn is somewhat softened by steaming and is 

 then run through a hulling machine, which not only removes 

 the hull, but loosens the germ and breaks off the horny gluten 

 and more or less white starch. The dust or pulverized material 

 coming from the hulling machine consists largely of white starch 

 and horny gluten. The hulls and germs are each separated 

 but not in very pure condition, leaving what is termed hominy, 

 which consists chiefly of the horny, starchy part of the kernel, 

 with more or less adhering white starch. 



"The product which is known as grits is made from the 

 hominy and consists of the horny, starchy part separated in 

 very pure form. In making the grits the coarse hominy is run 

 through a grinding machine and reduced to a coarse powder 

 which may be termed coarse grits, much of the adhering white 

 starch being rubbed off from the horny starch in this process. 

 The coarse grits are then run through one or two more grinding 

 machines, until the horny starch is reduced to a rather fine 

 powder, which may be termed fine grits. This material con- 

 sists of the horny starch in very pure condition. After each 

 grinding the fine dust, consisting largely of the white starch, is 

 separated from the grits and goes into the product known as 

 corn-flour. 



" In addition to the corn-flour thus regularly separated, 

 and handled in considerable quantities, there is constantly pro- 

 duced a small amount of what is termed ' break ' flour. This 

 is an exceedingly fine dust, also produced in the process of 

 breaking the corn particles in the grinding machines which 



