CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF MAIZE GRAIN 643 



grain is treated on the "hominy separator" (Fig. 222), a 

 double-dressing machine clothed with perforated steel or wire 

 of suitable mesh, which takes out the " hominy-chop ". This 

 by-product consists of the " scourings " made by the degermina- 

 tor in the breaking-process, combined with the bran and the 

 " germ " ; it contains a fairly high percentage of protein, is rich 

 in oil, and therefore makes a highly nutritious cattle food, for 

 which purpose a considerable quantity is exported from South 

 Africa to Europe. The hominy separator also grades the 

 samp and grits into suitable sizes ; they are then subjected to a 

 strong "aspirating " current. The grits are either reduced to 



CHAP. 

 XIII. 



Fig. 222. — Hominy separator. 



meal, on fluted rolls, or, if required for table use, are first purified. 

 The process is diagrammatically illustrated in Fig. 223. 



596. Flaked Maize. — Flaked maize is prepared as a break- 

 fast food, and is also used by the brewing trade. The process 

 of preparation is a continuation of that employed for samp. 

 After the samp has been reduced to pure grits, these are 

 " gelatinized," and then " flaked " by heavy rolls of special 

 construction. The flakes are conveyed to a drier and sub- 

 sequently sifted by a sifter to remove dust and flakes too large 

 in size. A diagram illustrating a flaked maize plant is shown 

 in Fig. 224. 



Chemical Composition . 



597. Importance op a Knoivledge of the Chemical Composi- 

 tion A knowledge of the chemical composition and nutritive 



41* 



