MAIZE GRAIN AS FOOD 711 



equal value to these combinations after weaning. Henry (l) CHAP, 

 concludes that it is probable that maize meal will force the XIV ' 

 largest and most economical gain with lambs both before and 

 after weaning, the protein required being obtained from the 

 mother's milk and pasture grass respectively. Craig ( Wis- 

 consin, U.S.A., Rep., 1897) found that maize meal was more 

 economical than oats, wheat, bran, or cracked peas, for feeding 

 slaughter lambs before weaning ; it took 86 lbs. whole oats, 7 7 

 lbs. wheat bran, 73 lbs. cracked peas, and only 63 lbs. of maize 

 meal to produce 100 lbs. gain in weight, and the weekly returns 

 were as good. 



The Wisconsin Station (1) also made a comparative test 

 of feeding lambs with and without grain before weaning, with 

 the result that those which received grain continuously from 

 birth until ten months old sheared a heavier fleece, containing 

 more " yolk " or grease, and matured much earlier, than those 

 without grain, and were fit for market at any time, so that 

 advantage could be taken of any favourable fluctuation in 

 market prices. 



669. Mill and Factory By-products for Feeding. — Up-to- 

 date milling and maize manufacturing companies now make a 

 good deal out of the sale of by-products obtained in the manu- 

 facture of maize meal, starch, and glucose (see chap. XIII.). 



Some of these by-products are rich in fats and protein, 

 and are too concentrated to be fed alone, but may be diluted 

 or extended with some light material like wheat bran or maize 

 bran (Henry, \). 



The products of the factory are sometimes disposed of in 

 a wet condition, and are then called " wet starch," " wet 

 glucose feed," etc. 



Feeding tests conducted at American Experiment Stations 

 have proved that some of these by-products, especially " gluten 

 meal " and " maize feed," have a high nutritive value. 



670. Maize Bran. — This consists of the hulls of the maize 

 ^rain, and its feeding value is relatively low (IT 623 and 624), 

 but it is useful for extending concentrates such as maize meal. 



671. Gluten Feed. — This substance is obtained in the 

 course of the manufacture of starch from maize, and consists 

 of all the by-products obtained in the process, which are com- 

 bined into one feed under this name. It is really the maize 



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