FAMILIES OF FLOWERING PLANTS 115 
“head,” the latter of the enlarged root. Mustard is derived from the 
seeds of another species of Brassica; the genus is illustrated in Fig. 98. 
The radish is the root of Raphanus sativus; while horse-radish is the 
dried and pulverized root of Rorippa'Armoracia. Among ornamental 
crucifers may be mentioned the stock (Matthiola), the rocket (Hesperis), 
the candytuft (Iberis), and the sweet alyssum (Konig maritimum).* ° 
Family Tovariaceae. Tovaria Family. Consists of a single genus 
and species, Tovaria pendula, a tropical American herb with an odor 
resembling that of celery, and structurally similar to the caperworts. , 
Family Capparidaceae. 
Caper Family. Contains 
about 35 genera and 400 
species, natives chiefly of 
warm regions, and compris- 
ing both herbs and shrubs. 
They have simple or palmate 
leaves and variously clus- 
tered flowers. The sepals 
are from 4 to 8, the petals 
usually 4, often borne on 
long claws; the stamens are 
from 6 to many, all of equal 
length. The ovary is fre- 
“quently long-stalked, and be- 
comes in fruit either a cap- . 
sule or a berry. . 
Several species of Cleome 
are prominent among the 
flowers of the western plains, 
as also two species of Pola- TE 2. Te sammyrvead (ons, grea 
nisia, the “clammy-weed,” so 
called on account of its viscid pubescence (see Fig. 99.) Capers are 
the preserved flower-buds of a species of Capparis, and the industry is 
an important one in some parts of Europe. 
Family Resedaceae. Mignonette Family. Contains 6 genera and 
about 55 species, belonging mostly to the Old World. They are herbs 
with alternate leaves and unsymmetrical flowers, borne in spikes or 
racemes. The calyx is 4-7 parted, the petals similar; stamens usually 
numerous; ovary compound, becoming in fruit a many-seeded capsule. 
* Odd as this name may appear to the uninitiated, the genus was first published by 
Adanson with this designation, and by a consistent application of the rule of priority 
in nomenclature, must remain with unchanged orthography. The plea that such a 
name is not correctly Latinized is without force when one considers the numerous ety- 
mological barbarities now in use. 
