44 PLANT LIFE OF ALABAMA. 
Genera and species common to Alabama and Europe, ete.—Continued. 
Number | Number 7 Number | Number 
Classification. of fe) Classification. of of 
genera. | species. genera. | species. 
Dicotyledoneae—Continued. Dicotyledoneae—Continued. 
Archichlamydeae—Con- Sympetalae—Continued. 
tinued. Boraginaceae....--.. 4 
Geraniaceae ......... TD Wisscavacos Sacre Scrophulariaceae 4 
Polygalaceae ......-- SD Piccraciate cote oie Solanaceae .... 4 
Euphorbiaceae ...... dL. fresreities S528 Primulaceae... 3 
Callitrichaceae...... 1 1 Caprifoliaceae. 3 |. 
Anacardiaceae!..... AL) ssstetctaaisicies Ericaceae ...-. 2 
Tlicaceae ...-...-.... TF lessees ees Monotropaceae. . 1 
Staphyleaceae....... 1 [dese ssemse Plumbaginaceae 1 
Aceraceae ..........- i ie) emeraemeer Styracaceae*.... Ls 
Rhamnaceae ......-. i) Saeeeeeees Oleaceae> ..... 1}. 
Vitaceae.........---- pie aa one eed Apocynaceae . . 1]. 
Tiliaceae ............ De averseooiens Asclepiadaceae 1]. 
Malvaceae?.........- Lhissensencseie Gentianaceae . 11. 
Cistaceae?........-.. TL [iss caccssse Polemoniaceae. . 1]. 
Violaceae .....--...- MD Sauicussinistee, Convolvulaceae - 1]. 
Lythraceae.......-.- Dewars pence Cuscutaceae ... 1]. 
Haloragidaceae ..... L leas exes Verbenaceae 1 
Araliaceae........-.- 1. | osrvous outa Plantaginacea 1 
Cornaceae....-..---- Loses Orobanchaceae®.....|.....----- 
Rubiaceae 7 - 
TOtal ie nesdsaced 109 19 Valerianaceae. 
Sympetalae: TOU 5. sceeedsisistoranciersel 53 3 
Compositae.........- DD Map aenvaree sas 
Nepetaceae.......... We Hisvctasseavateszizig Total Dicotyledones......... 162 22 
1Cotinus in the Mediterranean region. 5 Fraxinus, 
2 Hibiscus of the Mediterranean region. 6 Orobanche and Phelypaea differ but slightly 
3 Southern and western Europe. from our Thalesia (Aphyllon). 
4Storax of the Mediterranean region. 7Galium, 
BIOLOGICAL AND ECOLOGICAL RELATIONS. 
Viewing the plants of Alabama in their biological aspect, their 
habits of life, and the peculiar adaptations by which they establish 
and maintain themselves successfully among their various associations, 
no striking features are met with which are not presented in one or 
the other of the adjoining States. With our present knowledge it is, 
however, impossible to enter upon very close comparisons. The per- 
ennial plants are largely in excess of the annuals and biennials, com- 
prising five-sixths of the total vascular flora of the State. Among the 
woody perennials, 343 distinct species and varieties have been counted, 
32 with climbing or creeping stems. This number includes 45 under- 
shrubs and suffrutescent perennials, most numerously belonging to the 
Hypericaceae (St. Johnswort family), with 12 species, which, owing to 
the large number of individuals gaily adorned with bright yellow 
flowers, form a striking feature in the plant covering of the flat pine 
barrens in the coast plain. 
FOREST FLORA. 
SHRUBBY PLANT ASSOCIATIONS. 
The 171 species and varieties of shrubs known in Alabama, intimately 
connected with the arboreal vegetation, form the higher undergrowth 
and the brushy cover of the soil of the mixed forests in the southern 
