V4 PLANT LIFE OF ALABAMA. 
Among the largely predominating Compositae tall rosinweeds and 
coarse sunflowers are conspicuous, particularly the former, which 
present a number of types rarely or not at all observed in the State 
outside of this subdivision; for example, S’/phiwn mohrit and WS. 
gates’/, both known trom Cullman County; S. trifoliatum, ranging 
from the plains of the Ohio Valley to the Central Prairie region; 8. 
lacvigatun, Helianthus schweinitz/i, and H. glancus, from the lower 
mountains of South Carolina and Georgia, and S. compositum, abund- 
ant throughout the region. The following are frequent in dry thin 
soils all over the Mountain region, some extending all over the State: 
Helianthus atrorubens. Lactuca hirsuta. 
Helianthus hirsutus. Lactuca sagittaefolia.! 
Helianthus microcephalus. Nabatus fraseri.? 
Helianthus divaricatus. Lechea racemulosa. 
Heliopsis helianthoides. Lechea leggettii. 
Parthenium integrifolium. Koellia pycnunthemoides. 
Sericocarpus asteroides. Blephilia ciliata. 
Aster divaricatus. Monarda_ fistulosa. 
Eupatorium sessilifolium. Monarda bradburiana. 
Solidago caesiu.' Dasystoma virginica? 
Solidago erect. Gerardia tenuifolia.! 
Chrysopsis mariana.’ Physalis virginiana. 
Brauneria purpurea. Physalis pubescens. 
Rudbeckia hirta.! Physalis pruinosa. 
Rudbeckia spathulata.* Sabbatia boykinii. 
Coreopsis grandifiora.! Thaspium aureum trifoliatum.? 
Coreopsis pubescens.} O.alis recurva.? 
Coreopsis auriculata.’ Tragia urticaefolia.! 
Carduus virginicus. Meibomia (many species) . 
Andropogon virginicus.' Lespedeza (many species). 
Vicia carolinianu* and buffalo clover, Trifol/wn reflenum, are fre- 
quent on these table-lands, and Lathyrus venosus in Alabama is con- 
fined to them. 
Strictly mesophile herbaceous plant associations.—Ferns abound in 
the shade of the forests. Characteristic species are: 
Adiantum pedatum. Botrychium obliquum.! 
Asplenium platyneuron.+ Dryopteris noveboracensis. 
Phegopteris hexagonoptera. Dryopteris marginata. 
Botrychium virginicum} Dryopteris acrostichoides.} 
Asplenium angustifolium, which ix most frequent in the Ohio valley, 
occurs very rarely. Of grasses and sedges Muhlenbergia diffusa forms 
dense plots, and the following prefer the shade of woods: 
Brachyelytrum erectum. Poa autumnalis.} 
Festuca nutans. Carex laxiflora.! 
Festuca shortii. Carex laxiflora varians. 
Poa sylvestris. Carex laxiflora patulifolia. 
1 Occurs also in the Louisianian area. 
*Nabalus Hook., as a strictly American genus, has been reinstated, differing in 
habits of growth and distribution and essential morphological characters from Pre- 
nanthes, with which it was connected by later authors, but which is exclusively con- 
fined to Eurove. 
