CULTIVATED PLANTS OF THE TABLE-LANDS. 79 
Of these the first is the most prominent, frequenting springy, rocky 
banks and dripping ledges, and the others are all more or less frequent 
in similar localities throughout the mountain region. Sarracenia cates- 
baei and Lsoetes engelmanni valida are paludial plants so far only known 
in the State from the banks of Little River near De Soto Falls. There 
occurs also Danthonia glabra, a most rare plant, lately described, from 
upper Georgia (Nash), with Danthonia compressa and Deschampsia 
flexuosa, so far not yet reported from any other locality in the State, 
while Carer virescens, Tiarella cordifolia, Asclepias quadrifolia, and 
Asarum macranthun frequent the rocky dells and more or less open 
copses. The tiny Arenariu brev/folia, known from a few localities in 
upper Georgia and the Cumberland Mountains of Tennessee, roots in 
crevices of rocks among the dark-green cushions of mosses (Grimmia, 
Hedwigia), with the three-leaf stonecrop (Sedum ternatwm) and the 
round-leaf talinum (Zalinwm teretifoliwn), a fleshy perennial ‘with 
rose-purple flowers adorning exposed rocks in the mountains north- 
ward to Pennsylvania. On the exposed rocks close to the edge and 
above the falls of Little River dense tufts of filiform leaves produced 
by a many-branched rootstock deeply sunk in the crevices attract the 
attention. Specimens of this plant in flower obtained in September 
proved to be Chondrophora v‘rgata (Bigelovia Nutt). The identity of 
our plant with Nuttall’s specimens is, however, not free from doubt. 
In the type collected by Nuttall in lower New Jersey and preserved in 
the Herbarium of the Academy of Sciences at Philadelphia the radical 
leaves, which furnish the decisive character, are wanting; furthermore, 
the similarity to Zuthamia graminéfolia ascribed by Nuttall to his type 
is not recognized in our plant. The locality quoted by Nuttall is also 
doubtful, his plant having never been found afterwards, although the 
ground has been closely investigated by later botanists. 
Under the umbrageous cover of the high forest on the upper flanks of 
the mountain, in the deep soil, rich in humus, tall umbelliferous herbs 
are conspicuous, among which are Ligusticum canadense, frequent 
throughout the mountains northward to Pennsylvania, Thaspiwm pin- 
natifidun, and Thaspium barbinode, which extends north to the Ohio 
Valley. Together with these occur Oxalis grandis, Polygonatum com- 
mutatum, widely distributed through the Alleghenian area, Zr////wm 
styloswm of the southern Appalachian ranges, and Cypripedium acaule, 
found in more open boggy places. 
Cultural plant associations.—Searcely 20 per cent of the area of the 
table-lands is reduced to a state of cultivation; the rest consists of 
more or less devastated woodlands and of high forests, which, how- 
ever, near the settlements and highways of commerce are largely 
stripped of merchantable timber and are suffering from the inroads of 
fire and cattle. 
Searcely more than a quarter of a century ago, before these table- 
